薯蓣皂苷的药理作用及机制研究进展  

Research Progress on Pharmacological Effects and Mechanism of Dioscin

作　　者：苗常鑫 冷锦红[2] MIAO Changxin;LENG Jinhong(Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China;Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学,辽宁沈阳110847 [2]辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁沈阳110032

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2024年第11期113-118,共6页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家中医药管理局张静生国医大师传承工作室项目(2023-1);辽宁省教育厅项目(LJKMZ20221332);沈阳市科学技术计划项目(22-321-33-39)。

摘　　要：薯蓣在中国有着上千年的应用历史,祖国医学认为其归脾、肺、肾三经,可“平补三焦气阴”,兼具补涩之功,有补中益气、强身健骨,治诸虚百损、延年益寿等功效,被誉为“天然小人参”,也是最早药食同源的植物之一。其中穿龙薯蓣更是具有祛风除湿、舒筋通络、活血止痛、止咳平喘等作用。薯蓣因其性平和,功效全面,而被中医广泛应用于各种疾病的治疗之中。近年来,随着科学技术的不断发展,其主要活性成分薯蓣皂苷及水解产物薯蓣皂苷元被广泛发掘并应用于心脑血管疾病、关节炎、癌症、糖尿病等多种疾病的防治当中。现代研究表明,薯蓣皂苷具有改善心脑血管、抗肿瘤、降糖、降脂、保肝、抗炎止痛、提高免疫等多种药理作用,就近几年薯蓣皂苷的药理作用及其机制研究进展进行综述,旨在为该天然中药单体的进一步研发和应用提供参考。Shuyu(Dioscorea polystachya Turczaninow)has a history of application in China for thousands of years.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that it belongs to spleen,lung and kidney meridians,and can“tonify Qi and Yin of the triple energizer”.It has the functions of tonifying the middle energizer and Qi,strengthening the body and bones,treating all kinds of deficiency and prolonging life.It is known as“natural ginseng”and is also one of the earliest plants with homologous medicine and food.Among them,Chuanlong Shuyu(Dioscorea nipponica Makino)has the functions of dispelling wind,removing dampness,relaxing muscles and tendons,promoting blood circulation,relieving pain,relieving cough and asthma,etc.Dioscorea is widely used in the treatment of various diseases by traditional Chinese medicine because of its mild nature and comprehensive efficacy.In recent years,with the continuous development of science and technology,its main active component dioscin and its hydrolysate diosgenin have been widely explored and applied to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,arthritis,cancer,diabetes and other diseases.Modern studies have shown that dioscin has many pharmacological effects,such as improving cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,resisting tumor,lowering blood sugar,lowering lipid,protecting liver,resisting inflammation and relieving pain,improving immunity,etc.This paper reviewed the research progress of pharmacological effects and mechanism of dioscin and diosgenin in recent years,aiming at providing reference for further research and development and application of this natural traditional Chinese medicine monomer.

关 键 词：薯蓣皂苷 薯蓣皂苷元 药理作用 机制 研究进展 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]