土壤水分对新疆野苹果种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of soil moisture on seed germination and seedling growth of Malus sieversii seedlings

作　　者：卿全 郑凤 吴明江 马悦 徐蕾 刘立强[1] QING Quan;ZHENG Feng;WU Mingjiang;MA Yue;XU Lei;LIU Liqiang(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐843000

出　　处：《落叶果树》2024年第5期46-50,共5页Deciduous Fruits

基　　金：新疆天然林保护修复资金支持(LYFZJJTB2021);国家自然基金(31960580);新疆维吾尔自治区大学生创新训练项目(S202310758024);新疆农业大学教研教改项目(2021ZLTS48)。

摘　　要：以新疆野苹果种子为研究对象,比较分析了土壤相对含水量20%、35%、50%、65%和80%时,新疆野苹果种子的萌发情况和幼苗生长过程中的生物量差异,探讨新疆野苹果种子萌发和幼苗生长对土壤水分变化的响应。结果表明,随土壤水分的增加,新疆野苹果种子萌发率先增后降。当土壤相对含水量为20%时,种子的萌发率最低,为2.67%,且萌发后无法正常生长;相对含水量50%时能正常萌发,萌发率为42.67%,但无法维持幼苗正常存活;相对含水量65%时,种子的萌发率和幼苗的存活率最高,为69.33%和41.30%;相对含水量为80%时幼苗的株高、主根长、基茎、单株叶片数、根茎叶鲜重和叶绿素含量均显著高于其他处理;各水分处理的叶面积大小无显著差异。结果表明,维持65%左右的土壤相对含水量,有利于新疆野苹果种子萌发与幼苗存活。To explore the effects of different soil moisture on the seed germination and seedling growth of Malus sieversii,through an outdoor pot experiment,taking Malus sieversii as the research materials,the seed germination and the differences in biomass during the seedling growth of Malus sieversii were comparatively analyzed when the soil relative water content was 20%,35%,50%,65%,and 80%.The response of Malus sieversii seed germination and seedling growth to soil moisture changes was discussed.The results showed that with the increase of soil moisture,the seed germination rate of Malus sieversii first increased and then decreased.When the soil relative water content was 20%,the seed germination rate was the lowest,at 2.67%,and it could not grow normally after germination.When the relative water content was 50%,it could germinate normally,with a germination rate of 42.67%,but it could not maintain the normal survival of seedlings.When the relative water content was 65%,the seed germination rate and the survival rate of seedlings were the highest,at 69.33%and 41.30%;when the relative water content was 80%,the plant height,main root length,base stem,number of leaves per plant,fresh weight of roots,stems and leaves,and chlorophyll content of the seedlings were significantly higher than those of other treatments,and there was no significant difference in the leaf area size of each water treatment.The seed germination and seedling growth of Malus sieversii are relatively sensitive to water changes,and maintaining the soil moisture content of about 65%is conducive to seed germination and seedling survival.

关 键 词：新疆野苹果 土壤水分 种子萌发 生物量 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]