PDA/GO/PUF聚氨酯泡沫的力学与隔热性能及其微观机理  

Mechanical and Thermal Insulation Properties of PDA/GO/PUF Polyurethane Foam and the Corresponding Microscopic Mechanisms

作　　者：刘世盟 郭乃胜 崔世超 褚召阳 赵近川 LIU Shimeng;GUO Naisheng;CUI Shichao;CHU Zhaoyang;ZHAO Jinchuan(College of Transportation Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116026 [2]海南大学材料科学与工程学院,海口570228

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第22期269-277,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51308084);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3132017029);大连海事大学“双一流”建设专项(BSCXXM021);辽宁公路科技创新重点科研项目(201701);大连市科技创新基金(2020JJ26SN062);辽宁省教育厅基金项目(LJKMZ20220922);大连市重点科技研发计划项目(2023YF22SN043)。

摘　　要：为研究聚多巴胺/氧化石墨烯/软质聚氨酯泡沫(PDA/GO/PUF)的力学与隔热性能,采用一种新工艺制备了PDA/GO/PUF,利用压缩实验和接触角测试对PDA/GO/PUF的物理力学性能进行了测试,利用红外热像仪和燃烧实验对PDA/GO/PUF的隔热性能进行了表征,并通过热重(TG)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)进行了微观机理解释。结果表明:在循环荷载作用下,PDA/GO/PUF复合材料未产生永久变形,且具有较小的能量损失系数、较大的最大应力、较平稳的压缩强度和杨氏模量,表现出优异的力学稳定性和抗疲劳性能;PDA/GO/PUF表面疏水性能相较于PUF有显著提升,接触角增大了13.83°;PDA/GO/PUF较PUF表现出更优异、更稳定的隔热效果,且在燃烧过程中没有出现熔滴现象;在GO/PUF泡沫表面自聚合形成的PDA纳米涂层具有优异的黏附性,能够将脱离GO/PUF的GO颗粒也吸附在PDA/GO/PUF表面;PDA/GO/PUF在燃烧过程中形成了致密的炭层,有效地隔绝了热量并降低了PDA/GO/PUF的热分解速率,与PUF相比,其T_(-50%)分解温度提升了240℃,残炭量提升了21.65%,显著增强了材料的热稳定性;PDA/GO/PUF分别在1420 cm^(-1)和1714 cm^(-1)处出现了属于PDA涂层的N-H弯曲振动特征峰和GO的C=O伸缩振动特征峰,进一步证实了PDA/GO/PUF的成功制备。To investigate the mechanical and thermal insulation properties of polydopamine/graphene oxide/polyurethane foam(PDA/GO/PUF),a novel process was employed to fabricate PDA/GO/PUF.The physical and mechanical properties of PDA/GO/PUF were tested using compression experiments and contact angle measurements,while the thermal insulation properties were characterized using an infrared thermal imager and combustion experiments.Microscopic mechanisms were explained via thermogravimetric(TG)analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).Results showed that the PDA/GO/PUF composite material subjected to cyclic load did not undergo permanent deformation and had a low energy loss coefficient,high maximum stress,and stable compression strength and Young’s modulus,demonstrating excellent mechanical stability and fatigue resistance.The hydrophobicity of the PDA/GO/PUF surface was significantly improved compared to PUF,with a 13.83°increase in contact angle.PDA/GO/PUF exhibited superior and more stable thermal insulation than PUF,without any dripping during combustion.The PDA nanocoating,self-polymerized on the GO/PUF foam surface,possessed outstanding adhesiveness,which also adsorbed GO particles detached from the GO/PUF onto the PDA/GO/PUF surface.During combustion,a dense carbon layer formed on PDA/GO/PUF,effectively insulating heat and slowing down the thermal decomposition rate of PDA/GO/PUF.Compared to PUF,its T_(-50%)decomposition temperature increased by 240℃,and the char yield increased by 21.65%,significantly enhancing the material’s thermal stability.Characteristic peaks at 1420 cm^(-1)and 1714 cm^(-1)belonging to the PDA coating’s N-H bending vibration and the GO’s C=O stretching vibration,respectively,further confirmed the successful fabrication of PDA/GO/PUF.

关 键 词：聚多巴胺 PDA/GO/PUF聚氨酯泡沫 力学性能 隔热性能 微观机理 

分 类 号：TQ328[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]