粤北地区社会心理因素对妊娠期妇女分娩方式选择及生存质量的影响  

Effect Research of Social Psychological Factors on Delivery Mode Choice and Life Quality of Pregnant Women in Northern Guangdong

作　　者：冯媛媛[1] 杨燕[1] 钟永红[1] 刘慈娣 FENG Yuanyuan;YANG Yan;ZHONG Yonghong;LIU Cidi(Yuebei People's Hospital,Shaoguan,Guangdong 512026)

机构地区：[1]粤北人民医院,广东韶关512026

出　　处：《智慧健康》2024年第22期20-23,共4页Smart Healthcare

基　　金：2022年度韶关市卫生健康科研立项项目《粤北地区社会心理因素对妊娠期妇女分娩方式选择及生存质量的影响研究》(项目编号:Y22002)。

摘　　要：目的探究粤北地区社会心理因素对妊娠期妇女分娩方式选择及生存质量的影响。方法选取2022年1月—2023年5月在粤北人民医院住院的1000例单胎头位产妇为研究对象,根据选择的分娩方式将其分为镇痛阴道分娩组(412例)、普通阴道分娩组(286例)、剖宫产组(302例)。对比三组的社会-心理学特征,包括焦虑自评表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、艾森克问卷调查表(EPQ-RSC)、日常生活活动能力评定表(ADL)、生存质量评定量表(WHOQOL-BREF)的评分;对比三组的VAS评分以判定疼痛效应;对比三组的产程时间、产后2h内出血量以及住院天数。结果镇痛阴道分娩组的SAS、SDS与EPQ-ESC评分最低,剖宫产组的SAS、SDS与EPQ-ESC评分最高,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);镇痛阴道分娩组的WHOQOL-BREF评分明显高于普通阴道分娩组与剖宫产组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);普通阴道分娩组与剖宫产组的WHOQOL-BREF评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三组的ADL评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);镇痛阴道分娩组与普通阴道分娩组的宫缩间歇期与产后的VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);镇痛阴道分娩组在宫口开3cm、宫口开7~8cm以及宫口开全时期的VAS评分均明显低于普通阴道分娩组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);镇痛阴道分娩组与普通阴道分娩组的住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);镇痛阴道分娩组的产程时间与产后2h出血量均明显小于普通阴道分娩组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论粤北地区的社会心理因素对妊娠期妇女的分娩方式选择和生存质量有显著影响,没有精神心理因素(如焦虑抑郁)影响的更愿意选择镇痛阴道分娩;而受精神心理因素(如焦虑抑郁)影响较大的,易选用剖宫产,且镇痛阴道分娩孕妇的生存质量明显高于常规阴道分娩与剖宫产孕妇。Objective To explore the influence of social and psychological factors in northern Guangdong on delivery mode choice and life quality of pregnant women.Methods The paper chose 1000 singleton head position postpartum women in Yuebei People's Hospital from January 2022 to May 2023 as study subjects,and divided them into analgesic vaginal delivery group,ordinary vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group according to voluntary delivery method based on initial intention of study subjects.Social psychological characteristics of three groups were compared,including Self Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Eysenck Questionnaire(EPQ-RSC),Activities of Daily Living Scale(ADL)and Life quality Scale(WHOQOL-BREF).Pain effect was determined based on comparison of VAS scale method,labor process time,postpartum bleeding within 2 hours and length of stay was compared.Results SAS,SDS,and EPQ-ESC scores were the lowest in analgesic vaginal group,while SAS,SDS,and EPQ-ESC scores were the highest in cesarean section group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).WHOQOL-BREF scores of analgesic vaginal group were significantly higher than ordinary vaginal group and cesarean section group,difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in WHOQOL-BREF scores between vaginal group and cesarean section group(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in ADL scores among three groups(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in VAS scores between analgesic vaginal group and normal vaginal group between contractions interval and postpartum period(P>0.05).VAS scores of analgesic vaginal group were significantly lower than ordinary vaginal group during cervix opening at 3cm,7-8cm and entire opening period,with statistical significance(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in length of stay between analgesic vaginal group and ordinary vaginal group(P>0.05).Labor process time and 2-hour postpartum bleedi

关 键 词：粤北 社会心理 分娩方式 生存质量 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]