基于客公里支出率的铁路旅客消费水平计量与分类方法研究  

Measurement and Classification Methods for Railroad Passenger Consumption Level Based on Railroad Passenger-Kilometer Expenditure Rate

作　　者：程默 孔德越 颜颖 吕晓艳 CHENG Mo;KONG Deyue;YAN Ying;LYU Xiaoyan(Institute of Computing Technology,China Academy of Railway Science Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Passenger Transport Department,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所,北京100081 [2]中国国家铁路集团有限公司客运部,北京100844

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2024年第11期181-187,共7页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(K2022X028)。

摘　　要：在国家铁路快速发展的背景下,旅客的出行需求逐渐向多元化发展。为提升旅客出行服务质量,充分掌握客运产品与旅客需求的匹配性,探讨旅客在铁路出行过程中的消费倾向,建立旅客消费水平计量方法与分类方法,通过对铁路客运大数据的分析挖掘,基于分层分类的计算方法设计旅客客公里支出率指标,在考量多个影响因素的情况下,实现对旅客消费水平的数值化计量手段;充分研究旅客客公里支出率计量统计结果的分布规律,设计基于K-means的总价均分顺序聚类算法,解决应用中旅客消费分层的排他性问题,实现对出行旅客的消费水平分层分类。经过对试算结果与现实案例的实证分析,验证消费水平划分方法分布贴近实地调研情况,进而为铁路客运旅客谱系化、层次化、精细化营销提供重要参考。In the context of the rapid development of national railways,the travel demand of passengers demonstrates a gradually diversifying development.To improve the quality of passenger travel service and fully grasp the matching between passenger transportation products and passenger demands,this paper explored the consumption tendency of passengers during railway travel and established the measurement and classification methods for passenger consumption level.Through analyzing and mining big data on railway passenger transportation,this paper designed the index of passenger-kilometer expenditure rate based on the calculation method of hierarchical classification.With a multitude of influencing factors taken into consideration,the numerical measurement of the passenger consumption level was realized.After thoroughly studying the distribution patterns of the numerical statistical results on the passenger-kilometer expenditure rate,this paper designed a total price average sequential clustering algorithm based on K-means to address the exclusiveness issue in passenger consumption hierarchy during its application and thus achieve the hierarchical classification of the passenger consumption level.Through the empirical analysis of the trial calculation results and the real case,it is proved that the distribution of the consumption level division method is close to the situation known by field research,which provides important reference for the spectrum,hierarchy,and refinement of the marketing aimed at railroad passengers.

关 键 词：铁路 客公里支出率 旅客消费水平 计量方法 聚类 

分 类 号：U293.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]