铝合金芯铝绞线断裂原因分析  

Analysis on Cause of Fracture of Aluminum Alloy Core Aluminum Stranded Wire

作　　者：刘宇伟 徐春 李发才 王文辉 尤伟任 LIU Yuwei;XU Chun;LI Facai;WANG Wenhui;YOU Weiren(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University of Applied Technology,Shanghai 201418,China;Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nantong Jiangsu 226463,China;Shanghai Zhongtian Aluminum Wire Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201108,China;Shanghai High Performance Aerial Wire Transmission Materials and Application Engineering Technology Research Center,Shanghai 201108,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201418 [2]江苏中天科技股份有限公司,江苏南通226463 [3]上海中天铝线有限公司,上海201108 [4]上海高性能架空导线输电材料与应用工程技术研究中心,上海201108

出　　处：《上海金属》2024年第6期87-91,共5页Shanghai Metals

摘　　要：高压架空电缆在输电过程中断裂是严重的安全事故。近年来,铝合金芯铝绞线已逐步替代钢芯铝绞线,但对其在输电过程中断裂的原因研究较少。借助扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对失效的铝合金芯铝绞线断口的形貌和成分进行了观察和分析。结果表明:铝绞线断口存在明显的贝纹线和大量镁硅相。由于电缆长期发生微风引起的振动,在拉压应力的反复作用下,脆性镁硅相会割裂基体,其周围产生裂纹,并逐渐扩展形成贝纹线,即铝合金芯铝绞线断裂是合金元素偏聚形成了镁硅类脆性相导致的疲劳断裂。Fracture of high-voltage overhead cables during transmission is a serious safety accident.In recent years,the aluminum alloy core aluminum stranded wire has gradually replaced the steel core aluminum stranded wire,but there is a little research on the causes of its fracture during transmission.The morphology and composition of the fracture of the failed aluminum alloy core aluminum stranded wire were observed and analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer.The results showed that the fracture of the aluminum stranded wire exhibited obvious shell strips and a large amount of magnesium silicon phase.Due to the long-term vibration of cables caused by soft wind,under the repeated action of tensile and compressive stresses,the brittle magnesium silicon phase would split the matrix,the crack emanated from the area around it and gradually expanded to form shell strips,that is,the fracture of aluminum alloy core aluminum stranded wire was a fatigue fracture caused by the segregation of alloy elements thereby the formation of the brittle magnesium silicon phase.

关 键 词：铝合金芯铝绞线 疲劳断裂 裂纹 镁硅相 

分 类 号：TM247[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]