液力透平仿生V型槽叶片的减阻机理研究  

Study on Drag Reduction Mechanism of Bionic V-groove Blade of Hydraulic Turbine

作　　者：杨军虎[1,2] 胡亚男 王鸣帅 宋丹玉 方嘉诚 李佳旭 YANG Jun-hu;HU Ya-nan;WANG Ming-shuai;SONG Dan-yu;FANG Jia-cheng;LI Jia-xu(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Province,China;Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]甘肃省流体机械及系统重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第11期156-160,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52169019);甘肃省教育厅:高校科研创新平台重大培育项目(2024CXPT-09)。

摘　　要：为了研究叶片仿生表面对液力透平性能的影响,基于鲨鱼皮肤表面结构的减阻特性,设计3种不同尺寸的V型槽,将其布置在透平工作面进口前段1/3处。利用RNG k-ε湍流模型对液力透平进行数值模拟及试验验证,研究不同流量下液力透平的外特性、叶片壁面剪应力及透平内流特性。结果表明:与光滑表面叶片相比,3种V型槽叶片液力透平的水力效率均有提高。V型槽能够降低叶片近壁面流体的速度梯度,使流体与壁面之间的摩擦阻力减小,叶轮内湍动能减小,降低了能量耗散。1.125QBEP工况时,s=1.5 mm的V型槽液力透平水力效率增幅最大,为1.8%,V型槽叶片壁面剪应力降幅最大达43.97%。In order to study the influence of blade bionic surface on the performance of hydraulic turbine,based on the drag reduction property of shark skin surface structure,three different sizes of V-grooves are designed,which are arranged in the front one-third of the inlet section of the turbine working surface.Numerical simulation and experimental verification of the hydraulic turbine are carried out using the RNG k-εturbulence model to study the external characteristics of the hydraulic turbine,the shear stress of blade wall,and the turbine internal flow characteristics under different flow rates.The results show that the hydraulic efficiency of the three types of V-groove blade hydraulic turbine is improved compared with that of the smooth-surface blade,and the V-groove can reduce the velocity gradient of the fluid near the wall of the blade,so that the frictional resistance between the fluid and the wall is reduced,the turbulent kinetic energy in the impeller is reduced,and the energy dissipation is reduced.At the 1.125QBEP working condition,the V-groove hydraulic turbine with s=1.5 mm has the largest increase in hydraulic efficiency of 1.8%and the largest reduction in shear stress on the V-groove blade wall of 43.97%.

关 键 词：液力透平 仿生叶片 V型槽 剪应力 性能 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]