盐胁迫下植物促生菌和2,4-表油菜素内酯对月季幼苗光合生理及离子转运的影响  

Regulation of Plant Growth‑Promoting Bacteria and Exogenous 2,4‑Epibrassinolide on Photosynthetic Physiology and Ion Transport of Rose Seedlings under Salt Stress

作　　者：周士锋[1] 秦仁强[2] ZHOU Shifeng;QIN Renqiang(College of Horticulture and Gardening,Henan Vocational College of Agriculture,Zhongmu 451450,China;College of Horticulture&Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院园艺园林学院,河南中牟451450 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2024年第10期138-148,共11页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2021SJGLX650);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2014QC020)。

摘　　要：以月季品种巴西诺幼苗为试验材料,采用室内盆栽试验,探究不同盐质量分数(0、0.3%、0.6%、0.9%)胁迫下根际施用2,4-表油菜素内酯(EBR,1μmol/L)、接种植物促生菌(PGPB)普罗维登斯菌(Providencia vermicola,1×10^(7)cfu/mL)及其复合处理对月季幼苗生长、光合和叶绿素荧光参数、离子转运及抗氧化系统的影响,以探明两者缓解月季盐胁迫的机制。结果表明,不同质量分数盐胁迫下月季幼苗生长受到抑制,株高、叶片厚度以及地上部和根系生物量等显著下降,施用EBR或者PGPB可以缓解月季受到的生长抑制程度。0.9%盐胁迫下,与对照(不喷施EBR,不接种PGPB)相比,EBR+PGPB处理的叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量分别增加13.1%和32.3%;叶绿素荧光参数中PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)与对照无显著差异,PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)增加8.8%,净光合速率(Pn)增加53.7%,蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)与对照相比无显著变化,胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)降低6.0%。0.9%盐胁迫下,与对照相比,EBR+PGPB处理后月季地上部和根系Na+含量分别降低21.1%和26.6%,地上部和根系K^(+)含量则分别增加73.7%和70.4%,地上部和根系中K^(+)/Na^(+)值分别增加116.7%和135.1%;同时EBR+PGPB处理能够激活超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,降低超氧阴离子自由基产生速率和H_(2)O_(2)累积,与对照差异显著。综上,添加EBR、接种PGPB或者EBR+PGPB处理均可以不同程度地提高月季叶绿素含量,保护叶绿素荧光系统,维持植物Na^(+)和K^(+)的平衡,激活SOD、CAT等抗氧化酶活性以及降低细胞膜脂过氧化和H2O2累积,以减轻盐胁迫对月季幼苗的伤害程度,促进月季生长,其中以EBR+PGPB处理下月季幼苗的抗盐性效果更佳。Using the rose variety Basino seedlings as experimental materials,an indoor potted experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of root zone application of 2,4‑epibrassinolide(EBR,1μmol/L),inoculation with plant growth‑promoting bacteria(PGPB)Providencia vermicola(1×10^(7)cfu/mL),as well as their combined treatments,on the growth,photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,ion transport,and antioxidant system of rose seedlings under different salt concentrations(0,0.3%,0.6%,and 0.9%)stress,to explore the mechanisms by which both alleviate salt stress in roses.The results showed that under different concentrations of salt stress,the growth of rose seedlings was inhibited,and plant height,leaf thickness,aboveground and root biomass significantly decreased.The application of EBR or PGPB could alleviate the growth inhibition of roses.Under 0.9%salt treatment,compared with the control(CK,no EBR,no PGPB)treatment,the EBR+PGPB treatment increased chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b by 13.1%and 32.3%,respectively.The maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)of PSⅡin chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed no significant difference compared to CK.The potential activity(Fv/Fo)of PSⅡincreased by 8.8%,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)increased by 53.7%compared to CK,the transpiration rate(Tr)and stomatal conductance(Gs)showed no significant changes compared to CK,and the intercellular carbon dioxide(Ci)decreased by 6.0%.Under 0.9%salt stress,compared with the control,after EBR+PGPB treatment,the Na+content in the aboveground and root parts of roses decreased by 21.1%and 26.6%,respectively.The K+content in the aboveground and root parts increased by 73.7%and 70.4%,respectively.The K^(+)/Na^(+)values in the aboveground and root parts increased by 116.7%and 135.1%,respectively.At the same time,EBR+PGPB treatment could activate the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT,reduce the rate of superoxide anion production and H_(2)O_(2)accumulation,which was significantly different from CK treatment.The concl

关 键 词：月季 2 4-表油菜素内酯 植物促生菌 盐胁迫 叶绿素 离子平衡 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]