电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定不同pH土壤的交换性盐  

DETERMINATION OF EXCHANGEABLE BASES IN SOILS OF DIFFERENT pH VALUES BY ICP-AES

作　　者：安帅 陈鉴惠 王伟丹 马健生[1,2] 赵恩好 周小帆[4] AN Shuai;CHEN Jian-hui;WANG Wei-dan;MA Jian-sheng;ZHAO En-hao;ZHOU Xiao-fan(Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey,Shenyang 110034,China;Key Laboratory of Black Land Evolution and Ecological Effects,MNR,Shenyang 110034,China;Liaoning Nonferrous Geological Exploration Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110121,China;Service Center,Departmant of Nature Rosources of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110033,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]自然资源部黑土地演化与生态效应重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110034 [3]辽宁省有色地质勘查总院有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳110121 [4]辽宁省自然资源厅事务服务中心,辽宁沈阳110033

出　　处：《地质与资源》2024年第5期725-732,共8页Geology and Resources

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“黑土地土壤样品测试方法与质量监控”(DD20221779-06);“硼矿石标准物质研制”(DD20230329-02)。

摘　　要：交换性盐是评价土壤供肥、保肥及土壤缓冲能力的重要指标,传统测量方法是采用乙酸铵/氯化铵-乙醇提取后直接检测,存在基体干扰大、分析步骤繁琐以及重现性差等问题.为了提高测试精度和效率,对不同pH值土壤的提取液进行优化设计,经水浴蒸干后高温去盐、复溶,标准曲线无需进行乙酸铵/氯化铵基体匹配,采用同一标准曲线通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测量交换性钾钠钙镁盐的含量.用该方法对ASA-11、ASA-14、ASA-16、ASA-20等4个土壤有效态成分分析标准物质进行分析,测量结果均在不确定度范围内,4个元素的测量值与标准值的相对误差介于-1.32%~+7.27%之间,相对标准偏差小于3.50%最大相对相差为9.92%(<10%),满足分析测试的要求.应用本方法对不同pH值的土壤样品处理结果重现性好,克服了传统方法分析过程单一、繁琐以及重现性差的缺点,同时在线完成K、Na、Mg、Ca的测量,缩短分析步骤,提高分析效率并节约了成本.Exchangeable base is an important index to evaluate soil fertilizer supply,fertilizer conservation and soil buffering ability.There are some problems such as large matrix interference,cumbersome analysis steps and poor reproducibility by traditional measurement method,which uses direct determination after ammonium acetatel ammonium chloride-ethanol extraction.To improve the test precision and efficiency,the extraction solutions of soil with different pH values are optimized,through desalting and redissolving at a high temperature after being dried in a water bath,no ammonium acetate/ammonium chloride matrix matching required for standard curve.The contents of exchangeable K,Na,Mg and Ca are determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)using the same standard curve.The method is used to analyze 4 standard substances for available nutrients of soil,including ASA-11,ASA-14,ASA-16 and ASA-20.The measurement results are all within the range of uncertainty,with the relative error between the measured value and standard value of the 4 elements from-1.32%to+7.27%,the relative standard deviation less than 3.50%,and the maximum relative difference of 9.92%(<10%),which meets the requirements of analytical test.The method has good reproducibility for soil samples with different pH values,overcoming the shortcomings of being too simple or cumbersome in the traditional analysis process with poor reproducibility,completing the on-line detection of K,Na,Mg and Ca simultaneously,shortening the analysis steps,and improving the analysis efficiency and saving costs.

关 键 词：土壤 交换性盐 高温复溶 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法 

分 类 号：P599[天文地球—地球化学]