用于Li-CO_(2)电池的过渡金属及其合金催化剂研究进展  

Research progress on transition metals and their alloy catalysts for Li-CO_(2)batteries

作　　者：马文庆 简天真 马建平 李现红 高海洋 刘宏 MA Wenqing;JIAN Tianzhen;MA Jianping;LI Xianhong;GAO Haiyang;LIU Hong(Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China;State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Sacred Sun Power Sources Co.Ltd.,Jining 273100,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学前沿交叉科学研究院,化学化工学院,山东济南250022 [2]山东大学晶体材料国家重点实验室,山东济南250100 [3]山东圣阳电源股份有限公司,山东济宁273100

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2024年第6期1-14,共14页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:52201254;山东省自然科学基金项目,编号:ZR2020QE012。

摘　　要：【目的】提升锂-二氧化碳(Li-CO_(2))电池的反应可逆性和动力学特性,概括Li-CO_(2)电池的简史、结构、工作原理以及关键科学问题,综述用于Li-CO_(2)电池的过渡金属及其合金催化剂的成分、形貌、微观结构等特性及其对Li-CO_(2)电池性能的影响,分析过渡金属及其合金催化剂在催化过程中的作用机制和演化行为。【研究现状】过渡金属对反应物吸附与活化、放电产物沉积及分解具有促进作用。基于过渡金属元素构筑的单金属和双金属正极催化剂,在Li-CO_(2)电池中的催化活性、作用机制及其自身在催化过程中的演化各不相同。金属间化合物具有显著区别于固溶合金、单分散双金属、单一金属的化学微环境,因此在促进反应物种吸附与活化、产物分解等方面表现出独特优势。【结论与展望】过渡金属及其合金催化剂的未来研究方向有:调控催化剂宏观形貌和表面微结构;监测催化过程中催化剂结构与成分演化、放电产物沉积与分解行为;建立适用于Li-CO_(2)电池的催化剂关键“描述符”;开发低成本催化剂量产工艺。Significance To enhance the reversibility and kinetics of Li-CO_(2) batteries,this paper summarizes the history,structure,working principle,and key scientific challenges of Li-CO_(2) batteries.It reviews the composition,morphology,microstructure,and other characteristics of transition metal and alloy catalysts used in Li-CO_(2) batteries and analyzes their impact on battery performance.Furthermore,the catalytic mechanisms and evolutionary behaviors of these catalysts during the reaction process are examined.Progress Transition metals exhibit incomplete d orbitals,abundant and adjustable valence states,and ease of processing,allowing them for broad applications in Li-CO_(2) batteries.3 d transition metals such as Ni,Co,Fe,Cu,and Zn,4 d transition metals such as Ru,Pd,and Ag,and 5d transition metals such as Ir and Au,all promote reactant adsorption and activation,as well as the deposition and decomposition of discharge products.Single-metal and bimetallic cathode catalysts constructed based on these elements show different catalytic activities,mechanisms,and evolutionary behaviors during catalytic process in Li-CO_(2) batteries.Ni and Co undergo no redox reactions during catalysis.Cu tends to oxidize during charging and cannot effectively catalyze the co-decomposition of Li_(2)CO_(3) and elemental C,while CuO formed through oxidation during charging and discharging can significantly enhance the reversibility of battery reactions.Fe undergoes redox reactions between Fe—O—C and Fe in Li-CO_(2) batteries.Zn can catalyze CO_(2) reduction to generate Li_(2)CO_(3) and CO products in proton-based Li-CO_(2) batteries.The electron configuration of Pd facilitates the weakening of Li-O bonds and the activation of Li2CO3,exhibiting smaller charge-discharge polarization compared to other precious metals such as Ru,Ag,Ir,and Au.Intermetallic compounds possess unique chemical microenvironments significantly different from those of solid solution alloys,monodisperse bimetals,and single metals in atomic configurations,electroni

关 键 词：锂-二氧化碳电池 过渡金属 合金催化剂 

分 类 号：TB44[一般工业技术] TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业]