石墨粉吸波剂对抹灰石膏性能的影响  

Effect of graphite powder absorbing agent on gypsum plaster

作　　者：井敏[1,2] 魏沁 陈曦 刘静宇 杨硕 王亚男 孙丛涛[4] JING Min;WEI Qin;CHEN Xi;LIU Jingyu;YANG Shuo;WANG Yanan;SUN Congtao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China;Jinan Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials and Renewable Energy,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China;The Second Construction Limited Company of China Construction Eighth Engineering Division,Jinan 250100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学材料科学与工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]山东建筑大学济南市绿色建材与可再生能源研究重点实验室,山东济南250101 [3]中建八局第二建设有限公司,山东济南250100 [4]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋环境腐蚀与生物污损重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2024年第6期140-148,共9页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:52378276;山东省青年研究生导师访学项目。

摘　　要：【目的】为了低成本制备民用建筑吸波材料,研究不同种类石墨粉对抹灰石膏性能的影响。【方法】以新型墙体抹灰砂浆抹灰石膏作为研究对象,掺入包括自制的膨胀破碎石墨在内的不同种类的低成本石墨粉作为吸波剂,制备石墨-抹灰石膏复合材料;使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、网络分析仪等设备对复合材料的结构、物性、强度和吸波性能进行测试和表征。【结果】在抹灰石膏中掺入石墨粉,导致标准扩散度用水量增加,凝结时间缩短,体积密度减小,力学性能降低,吸波性能提高;相比于天然鳞片石墨和石墨微片,抹灰石膏中掺入质量分数为8%的膨胀破碎石墨粉可获得最好的吸波性能,在频率为2~18 GHz时,反射损耗(reflection loss,R_(L))小于-5 dB的带宽可达10.8 GHz,至少有68.38%的电磁波被吸收,且凝结时间、体积密度和力学性能均可达到国标中对轻质底层抹灰石膏的要求。【结论】膨胀破碎石墨粉是几种石墨粉中最适合用于民用建筑的低成本吸波剂。Objective With the increasing use of radio,television,mobile phones,computers,artificial intelligence,and 5G technology,our lives have become more convenient,but it has also inevitably resulted in indoor electromagnetic radiation pollution.The increase in electromagnetic density has changed our indoor electromagnetic environment,potentially leading to serious electromagnetic interference,damage to buildings,harm to electrical equipment,and even health risks posed to humans.Therefore,it is necessary to develop building materials to reduce electromagnetic radiation and improve indoor electromagnetic environment.Generally,electromagnetic shielding and absorbing materials are used.Shielding materials only reflect electromagnetic waves without weakening or eliminate them,while electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials convert the energy from electromagnetic waves into other forms such as heat during internal transmission,thereby attenuating the waves and improving building safety.For civil constructions,the requirements for effective electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials should be inexpensive and easy for construction.Graphite,abundant in nature,inexpensive,and exhibiting good electrical and thermal properties,emerges as the main candidate as a wave absorbing agent in construction.Plaster,which is neither load-bearing like concrete nor decorative like architectural paint,is particularly well-suited as a substrate due to its thick application,large surface area coverage,and ease of construction.Methods To prepare cost-effective wave-absorbing materials for civil buildings,different types of graphite powders,including natural flake graphite,graphite microchips,and homemade expanded crushed graphite,were mixed into gypsum plaster.Their effects on physical properties,strength,and wave absorption were compared.The structure of the graphite-gypsum plaster composites was characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and vector network analysis.Results and Discussion XRD analysis showed that t

关 键 词：石墨粉 抹灰石膏 吸波材料 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB44[一般工业技术]