船舶撞击作用下人字闸门损伤特征及影响因素分析  

Damage characteristics and influencing factors of miter gate under ship impact effect

作　　者：李姣 张洁 骆真波 周帆 胡英芝 符梦楠 LI Jiao;ZHANG Jie;LUO Zhenbo;ZHOU Fan;HU Yingzhi;FU Mengnan(Chongqing Resources and Environmental Protection Vocational College,Chongqing 402360,China;School of Engineering,Tibet University,Lhasa 850013,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆资源与环境保护职业学院,重庆402360 [2]西藏大学工学院,西藏拉萨850013

出　　处：《水运工程》2024年第11期100-107,共8页Port & Waterway Engineering

摘　　要：随着水运行业的发展,船舶撞击人字闸门的事故屡有发生。为探究不同运行条件的船舶在进出船闸时闸门的撞击受损情况,利用ANSYS LS-DYNA软件建立人字闸门和5000吨级船舶的有限元模型,通过闸门的撞击深度及应力状态分析闸门的损伤情况,选取不同撞击速度、角度、船舶吨位和闸门厚度等工况进行全历程碰撞仿真,分析不同因素的影响规律。结果表明:在碰撞过程中,船舶经历了接触、挤压和脱离3个阶段;船舶动能最终转化为闸门变形能,闸门损伤主要表现为撞击部位的塑性变形和激振现象;随着撞击速度、角度和船舶吨位的增加,撞击力明显增加,随着闸门厚度的增加,撞击力呈近乎线性减小。建立的船-闸门碰撞有限元模型能够较好地模拟碰撞的实际情况。With the advancement of the water transportation industry,instances of ships colliding with miter gates occur repeatedly.In order to investigate the extent of damage inflicted on gates when ships under various operational conditions navigate through ship locks,we use ANSYS LS-DYNA software to build a finite element model encompassing a miter gate and a 5000-ton class ship,and analyze gate damage in terms of impact depth and stress distribution.Then we vary various parameters such as impact velocity,angle,ship tonnage,and gate thickness to conduct comprehensive collision simulations,and analyze the influence of different factors.The results show that during the collision process,the ship undergoes three distinct stages:contact,compression,and detachment.The ship s kinetic energy is transformed into the deformation energy of the gate,primarily resulting in plastic deformation at the impact site and excitation phenomena.An increase in impact speed,angle,and ship tonnage leads to a significant rise in impact force,whereas miter gate thickness exhibits a nearly linear reduction in impact force.The finite element model presented herein accurately replicates real-world collision scenarios.

关 键 词：人字闸门 船舶撞击 撞击力 损伤特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：U641[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]