毛果茄的鉴定及其在中国的适生性  

Identification of Solanum viarum Dunal and potential geographic distribution in China

作　　者：邵宝林 鲁昕 石俊霞 刘露希 杨益芬 宿白玉 王成华 袁俊杰 孔德英 李兰 袁淑珍 SHAO Baolin;LU Xin;SHI Junxia;LIU Luxi;YANG Yifen;SU Baiyu;WANG Chenghua;YUAN Junjie;KONG Deying;LI Lan;YUAN Shuzhen(Technical Center of Chengdu Customs,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;Technical Center of ZhanjiangCustoms,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524008,China;Technical Center of Chongqing Customs,Chongqing 400020,China;Technical Center of Alashankou Customs,Alashankou,Xinjiang 833418,China;Technical Center of Erlian Customs,Erenhot,Inner Mongolia 011199,China)

机构地区：[1]成都海关技术中心,四川成都610041 [2]湛江海关技术中心,广东湛江524008 [3]重庆海关技术中心,重庆400020 [4]阿拉山口海关技术中心,新疆阿拉山口833418 [5]二连海关技术中心,内蒙古二连浩特011199

出　　处：《生物安全学报（中英文）》2024年第4期347-355,380,共10页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2021YFN0009、2015NZ0016);成都海关自立科技项目(SK201406)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对外来入侵植物毛果茄鉴定存在误区问题,开展检疫鉴定方法研究,同时分析其在我国的适生性,为口岸外来入侵物种防控提供有效技术支撑。【方法】采用形态与分子相结合的方法对毛果茄进行识别与鉴定,并根据毛果茄的生物学特性确定适生因子,采用模糊数学综合评判的原理和方法,定量分析其在我国各个地区的适生性。【结果】waxy基因序列比对鉴定可用于区分毛果茄与其他茄属植物,适用于毛果茄幼苗期或样本鉴定特征缺失或种子样本的辅助鉴定,可解决毛果茄与牛茄子、喀西茄容易混淆的问题;适生性研究结果表明,毛果茄潜在的适生地区分布在江苏、河北、天津、上海、广东、海南、浙江、广西、山东、安徽、福建、湖北、江西、北京、新疆、湖南、河南、重庆、贵州、陕西、四川、山西、云南、甘肃、西藏。【结论】鉴于毛果茄潜在分布广、适应性强、危害性大,建议加强以上地区该入侵杂草的监测及防控力度。【Aim】In view of the misunderstandings in the identification of the alien invasive plant Solanum viarum Dunal,detection and identification methods were established,and its suitability in China was analyzed to provide effective technical support for the prevention and control of alien invasive species at ports.【Method】The morphological and molecular methods were used to identify S.viarum,and the suitable factors were determined according to the biological characteristics of S.viarum.The principle and method of fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation were used to quantitatively analyze its suitability in various regions of China.【Result】The waxy gene sequence alignment can be used to distinguish S.viarum from other Solanum plants.It is suitable for the identification of S.viarum seedlings or samples with missing identification features or seed samples.It can solve the problem that S.viarum is easily confused with S.capsicoides and S.aculeatissimum.The results showed that the potential suitable areas of S.viarum were distributed in Jiangsu,Hebei,Tianjin,Shanghai,Guangdong,Hainan,Zhejiang,Guangxi,Shandong,Anhui,Fujian,Hubei,Jiangxi,Beijing,Xinjiang,Hunan,Henan,Chongqing,Guizhou,Shaanxi,Sichuan,Shanxi,Yunnan,Gansu and Xizang.【Conclusion】In view of the wide potential distribution,strong adaptability and great harm of S.viarum,it is suggested to strengthen the monitoring and control of S.viarum in the above areas.

关 键 词：毛果茄 形态学 分子生物学 鉴定 适生性 

分 类 号：S41[农业科学—植物保护]