滴灌管布置方式和灌溉定额对矮化密植香梨果实品质的影响  

Impact of drip irrigation pipeline configuration and irrigation amount on fruit quality of densely planted dwarf Kuerle fragrant pear in Xinjiang

作　　者：王宏鑫 王春霞[1,2] 岳绚丽 林萍 张景瑞 周方圆 李彦杰 王远 WANG Hongxin;WANG Chunxia;YUE Xuanli;LIN Ping;ZHANG Jingrui;ZHOU Fangyuan;LI Yanjie;WANG Yuan(College of Water Conservancy&Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production&Construction Group,Shi hezi 832003,China;Xinjiang Tianye Water-saving Irrigation System Co.,L td,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [3]新疆天业节水灌溉股份有限公司,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2024年第11期1-9,共9页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：南疆重点产业创新发展支撑计划项目(2022DB020)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同滴灌管布置方式和灌溉定额对库尔勒香梨果实品质的影响,为滴灌技术在香梨种植中的应用与发展提供重要的参考依据。【方法】以7a生矮化密植库尔勒香梨为研究对象,设计滴灌管布置方式(P1:1行2管,P2:1行3管,P3:1行4管)和灌溉定额(W1:6750 m^(3)/hm^(2),W2:5250 m^(3)/hm^(2))2个因素,研究滴灌管布置方式和灌溉定额对土壤质量含水率、香梨单果质量及果实品质影响,筛选出适宜提升香梨果实品质的滴灌技术参数。【结果】灌溉定额相同时,0~100 cm土层土壤含水率整体呈随土层深度的增加而先增加后减少的趋势,各处理土壤含水率在70~90 cm土层均达到峰值;各处理对果肉硬度的影响不显著,对单果质量、可溶性糖量、VC量影响显著;当灌溉定额一定时,果实纵径随着滴灌管数量的增加而增大,当灌溉定额为6750 m^(3)/hm^(2)时,果实VC量随滴灌管数量的增加而增加;果实可滴定酸量与VC量变异系数最大,均超过了30%。单果质量与果实纵径、果实横径、固酸比正相关,与可滴定酸量、可溶性糖量、VC量负相关。【结论】库尔勒香梨果实综合品质表现最优处理为W2P2处理(滴灌布置方式为1行3管、灌溉定额为5250 m^(3)/hm^(2))。【Objective】The Kuerle fragrant pear is a valuable cash crop in Xinjiang,with its production heavily relying on irrigation.This study investigates the influence of irrigation amount and drip irrigation pipeline configuration on its fruit quality.【Method】The experiment was conducted in an orchard,using the densely planted 7 year dwarf Kuerle fragrant pear as the model plant.Based on the number of drip irrigation pipelines per row of pear plants,three configurations were set up:2 lines per row(P1),3 lines per row(P2),and 4 lines per row(P3).Each configuration had two irrigation amount treatments:6750 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W1)and 5250 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W2).For each treatment,we measured the spatiotemporal changes in soil water content and various fruit quality indices.【Result】Soil water content increased with soil depth,peaking at the depth of 70-90 cm before declining.The treatments did not significantly affect fruit hardness but had a notable impact on fruit weight and other quality indicators,including soluble sugar and vitamin C content.Under the same irrigation amount,an increase in the number of drip irrigation pipelines was associated with an increase in the longitudinal diameter of the fruits.When the irrigation amount was 6750 m^(3)/hm^(2),the vitamin C content in the fruits increased with the increase in the number of drip irrigation pipelines.Among all quality indices,the coefficient of variation for titratable acid and vitamin C content was the highest,both exceeding 30%.Correlation analysis revealed that fruit weight was positively correlated with longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruits,as well as the solid-acid ratio,while negatively correlated with titratable acid,soluble sugar,and vitamin C content.【Conclusion】A comprehensive analysis indicated that the optimal drip irrigation scheme for Kuerle fragrant pear production in Xinjiang is three drip irrigation pipelines per row of pears plant,with an irrigation amount of 5250 m^(3)/hm^(2).

关 键 词：矮化密植香梨 滴灌管布置方式 灌溉定额 果实品质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]