30分钟社区生活圈视角下的武汉市主城区绿色空间公平性评价  

Equity Evaluation of Green Space in the Central Urban Area of Wuhan from the Perspective of 30-Minute Community Life Circle

作　　者：任亚鹏 刘启明 刘馨 李欣 REN yapeng;LIU Qiming;LIU Xin;LI Xin(Experimental Center,School of Urban Design,Wuhan University;Department of Architecture,School of Urban Design,Wuhan University;Hubei Habitat Environment Research Centre of Engineering and Technology;School of Urban Design,Wuhan University;The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou),China;Department of Architectural Planning,College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Guangxi University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学城市设计学院实验中心 [2]武汉大学城市设计学院建筑学系 [3]武汉大学湖北省人居环境工程技术研究中心 [4]武汉大学城市设计学院 [5]香港科技大学(广州) [6]广西大学土木建筑工程学院建筑规划系

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第11期94-102,共9页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于集成信息技术的老旧社区复合环境宜居效能机制研究”(编号52078388)。

摘　　要：【目的】全球城市化的加速不断带来各种城市病,城市自然环境被认为是改善居民福祉的重要因素,而多数城市中存在城市绿色空间资源分布不均的问题。将城市绿色空间分布与其他建成环境因素结合进行综合评价,可以全面了解自然资源的分布状况,有助于城市规划师和风景园林师提出更有针对性的改善策略。【方法】使用基于高斯方程和网络生活圈阈值改进后的两步移动搜索(two-step floating catchment area,2SFCA)法,对武汉市城市绿色空间资源配比情况进行评价,并结合社区建筑建成年限数据使用K-means聚类进行综合分析。【结果】1)武汉市城市绿色空间资源分布存在显著失衡并呈现明显的空间效应,绿地与水景可达性分别呈现全局由中心向周边递增、局部团状聚集的特征。2)由聚类分析得到“供需匮乏—建筑老化”“供需匮乏—建筑较新”“供需充足—建筑老化”“供需充足—建筑较新”4种分类结果,发现社区建筑建成年限与城市绿色空间可达性整体呈现空间相关性,在局部地区呈现空间错位。3)政府主导的改善城市环境质量和增强居民交通能力的政策可以缓解城市绿色空间资源分配的不均衡。【结论】验证了构建全面系统的可达性分析方法对于提升城市绿地空间公平性方面的重要性,并在老旧社区更新改造和可持续城市生态系统规划方面为城市管理者提供指导。[Objective]The rapid pace of global urbanization has contributed to regional economic growth while simultaneously exacerbating various urban challenges.Urban green spaces(UGS)encompass a range of vegetated zones within urban areas,serving purposes such as greening,recreation,ecological conservation,and environmental enhancement.In a broader sense,UGS includes not only green zones but also rivers,water bodies,farmlands,gardens,forests,and other undeveloped lands.The unequal distribution of urban blue-green resources is a prevalent issue in many cities.Environmental justice,a comprehensive concept,entails the equitable distribution of resources between people and the environment.Whether residents incur significant costs to access urban natural resources and whether they have equal rights to such access are critical criteria for fairness evaluation.The two-step floating catchment area(2SFCA)method is a widely used spatial accessibility metric for evaluating the fairness of urban natural resource allocation.However,the traditional 2SFCA method often overlooks people’s travel preferences and the delineation of life circles.As a result,the accessibility evaluation is typically limited to a supply-demand perspective.In addition to the disparities in resource allocation,factors related to the built environment within communities must also be considered.Promoting a balanced spatial distribution of UGS is recognized as a critical strategy for addressing the issue of insufficient urban natural resources.[Methods]This research enhances the traditional two-step floating catchment area(2SFCA)method by integrating community attributes,blue-green space,and data on urban road network.Two key improvements are introduced:Incorporation of a distance decay threshold based on Gaussian equation and establishment of a 30-minute road network catchment area boundary.Three accessibility analysis methods—nearest distance method,buffer zone method,and network analysis method—are compared with the improved 2SFCA method.Additionally,base

关 键 词：风景园林 城市生态 城市绿色空间 两步移动搜索 供需关系 可达性 环境正义 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]