我国拆除爆破研究进展与展望(1994-2024)  

Research progress and prospect of demolition blasting in China(1994-2024)

作　　者：贾永胜 孙金山 姚颖康 蒋楠 黄小武 JIA Yong-sheng;SUN Jin-shan;YAO Ying-kang;JIANG Nan;HUANG Xiao-wu(State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学省部共建精细爆破国家重点实验室,武汉430056

出　　处：《工程爆破》2024年第5期45-60,共16页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：湖北省"智能建造"青年科技人才基金资助项目(2024DJC006);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378399);湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2024AFA092)。

摘　　要：近年来,面向国家城市更新、城镇化建设等重大战略需求,我国的拆除爆破行业发展迅速。回顾近30年来拆除爆破的发展进程,通过文献调研,围绕拆除爆破理论的钻孔爆破载荷模型、承重构件破坏、结构失稳机制及有害效应产生和传播机制,建(构)筑物(高层楼房、高耸结构、大型桥梁、水工结构等)、起爆系统、有害效应控制、设计与仿真等拆除爆破关键技术,以及典型拆除爆破工程应用3个方面总结了我国拆除爆破的最新成果与进展,探讨了新时代背景下我国拆除爆破的发展方向和趋势。In recent years,facing the major strategic needs of national urban renewal and urbanization construction,China's demolition blasting industry has developed rapidly.Reviewing the development process of demolition blasting in the past 30 years,this paper summarizes the latest achievements and progress of demolition blasting in China from three aspects:the drilling blasting load and the response of engineering materials,the damage of bearing components,the mechanism of structural instability and the generation and propagation mechanism of harmful effects of demolition blasting theory,the key technologies of demolition blasting for buildings(structures)(high-rise buildings,high-rise structures,large bridges,hydraulic structures,etc.),the initiation system,the control of harmful effects,design and simulation,and the application of typical demolition blasting projects,and discusses the development direction and trend of demolition blasting in China under the new era background.

关 键 词：拆除爆破 爆破理论 爆破技术 研究现状 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TB122[理学—工程力学] TD235[理学—力学]