水下钻孔爆破技术新发展  

New development of underwater drilling and blasting technology

作　　者：赵根[1,2] 陆少锋 杨招伟 李红勇 金沐 ZHAO Gen;LU Shao-feng;YANG Zhao-wei;LI Hong-yong;JIN Mu(Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430010,China;Guangxi New Harbour Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530200,China;Changjiang Chongqing Waterway Engineering Bureau,Chongqing 400011,China;China Railway Guangzhou Engineering Bureau Group Port and Shipping Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510660,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江科学院,武汉430010 [2]水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,武汉430010 [3]广西新港湾工程有限公司,南宁530200 [4]长江重庆航道工程局,重庆400011 [5]中铁广州工程局集团港航工程有限公司,广州510660

出　　处：《工程爆破》2024年第5期102-111,共10页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52279093,52079009)。

摘　　要：水下钻孔爆破虽然经过了几十年的工程实践和理论研究,但成果散乱且不系统,有些资料还相互矛盾,落后的施工工艺及装备还在使用,难以使水下钻孔爆破设计与施工实现正规化、现代化和智能化。通过查阅近二十年的文献资料、现场调研和工程实践等,对水下钻孔爆破的理论、装备、技术与工艺和有害效应控制等最新成果进行梳理与总结,展现水下钻孔爆破最新发展成果。为实际工程项目爆破方案与参数设计、施工工艺与装备选择、有害效应控制与防护措施等提供理论及技术支撑,从而解决水下钻孔爆破中遇到的疑难问题,达到优质安全高效之目的。Underwater drilling and blasting,despite decades of engineering practice and theoretical research,has resulted in scattered and unsystematic findings,with some materials even contradictory.Outdated construction techniques and equipment are still in use,making it difficult to achieve standardization,modernization,and intelligence in the design and construction of underwater drilling and blasting.By reviewing nearly twenty years of literature,on-site research,and engineering practice,this paper organizes and summarizes the latest achievements in the theory,equipment,technology,and process of underwater drilling and blasting,as well as the control of harmful effects,showcasing the latest developments in the field.It provides theoretical and technical support for the design of blasting schemes and parameters for actual engineering projects,the selection of construction processes and equipment,and the control and protection measures for harmful effects.This aims to solve the difficult problems encountered in underwater drilling and blasting,achieving the goal of high quality,safety,and efficiency.

关 键 词：水下钻孔爆破 钻爆船 爆破块度 气泡帷幕 水击波 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]