建(构)筑物拆除爆破倒塌运动规律研究  

Movement and collapse law of structures demolition by blasting

作　　者：郑长青 叶海旺[2] 侯云锋 ZHENG Chang-qing;YE Hai-wang;HOU Yun-feng(Zhuhai NewTechnology Development of Blasting Co.,Ltd.,Zhuhai 519000,Guangdong,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海爆破新技术开发有限公司,广东珠海519000 [2]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《工程爆破》2024年第5期193-205,共13页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：建(构)筑物拆除爆破时,其倒塌范围、破碎程度、振动危害等都与倒塌运动规律紧密相关。而建(构)筑物拆除爆破环境越来越复杂,安全控制要求越来越高。为深入研究建(构)筑物拆除爆破倒塌运动规律,依托2个高层建筑物和1个100 m钢筋砼烟囱的拆除爆破工程项目开展了相关测试、分析与研究。在获取建(构)筑物拆除爆破倒塌运动过程原始数据基础上,利用四维时空分析方法和基于AutoCAD软件平台,建立了影像分析框架,提取锁定观测点的时空数据;通过对运动和影像数据进行综合分析计算,绘制了观测点的运动参数时程曲线。研究表明:建筑物最大塌落振动速度的发生时间是在爆破切口闭合时间段,位置是在爆破切口的闭合处;建筑物定向倾倒过程是先转后坐;钢筋混凝土烟囱切口闭合时,上下端因接触碰撞使筒体继续向上、向下破裂;定向窗上、下端面闭合时,因切口上、下端面接触碰撞导致转动受阻,此时角加速度为负值且逐渐减小。研究结果可为类似建(构)筑物拆除爆破提供参考。When the building is demolished by blasting,its collapse range,fragmentation degree and vibration damage are closely related to the law of collapse movement.And the demolition blasting environment of buildings is becoming more and more complicated,and the safety control requirements are increasingly higher and higher.In order to clarify the law of collapse movement of buildings demolition blasting,based on the demolition blasting projects of 2 high-rise buildings and a 100 m reinforced concrete chimney,the relevant test,analysis and research are carried out.On the basis of acquiring the original data of the structures demolition blasting collapse movement,an image analysis framework is established by using the four-dimensional spatio-temporal analysis method and AutoCAD software platform to extract the spatio-temporal data of locked observation points.Through the comprehensive analysis and calculation of the motion and image data,the time history of the motion parameters of the observation points are drawn.The results show that the maximum collapse vibration velocity of the building is in the blasting cutting closure time period,and the location is in the blasting cutting closure.The building collapse process of directional dumping demolition blasting is to turn first and then sit.When the reinforced concrete chimney cutting closure,the upper and lower face due to the contact collision continue to rupture upward and downward.When the upper and lower face of the directional window is closed,on account of the contact and collision of the upper and lower face of the cutting,rotation is blocked,the angular acceleration is negative,and at this moment the angular velocity gradually decreases.The research results can provide reference for demolition of similar structures by blasting.

关 键 词：拆除爆破 倒塌运动特性 影像测试 四维时空分析 爆破切口闭合特性 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]