日粮中添加亚麻籽、裂殖壶藻粉对舍饲牦牛生产性状的影响  

The Effect of Adding Flaxseed and Schizochytrium Powder to the Diet on Production Traits of Housed Yaks

作　　者：王登哲 王国文 彭巍[1] 徐尚荣[1] 张君[1] 舒适 黄荣[1] WANG Dengzhe;WANG Guowen;PENG Wei;XU Shangrong;ZHANG Jun;SHU Shi;HUANG Rong(College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2024年第5期6-10,共5页Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

基　　金：青海省重点研发与转化计划(2022-NK-119);2024年青海省“昆仑英才•高端创新创业人才”培养团队。

摘　　要：与放牧牦牛相比,舍饲牦牛生长速度更快,料重比更低,但在生产中存在舍饲牦牛牛肉中多不饱和脂肪酸比例较低的情况。基于此,本试验挑选了28头健康状态良好、年龄和体重相当的雄性牦牛,以随机分配的方式划分为4个小组,每组7头。其中1组进行完全放牧管理(FM),其余3组完全舍饲管理,并分别供给普通全价饲料组(BS)、添加了2%膨化亚麻籽的全价饲料组(YM)和搭配2%裂殖壶藻粉的全价饲料组(LZ)这3种不同的日粮。结果表明,舍饲组牦牛日增重显著高于放牧牦牛(P<0.05),相比于饲喂常规日粮,膨化亚麻籽组(YM)和裂殖壶藻组(LZ)虽日增重差异不显著,但平均日采食量和料重比却显著低于BS组(P<0.05)。YM组和LZ组的熟肉率显著低于FM组和BS组(P<0.05);YM组和LZ组肌肉亮度和黄度均高于其余两组。YM组肌内脂肪含量显著高于其他组,LZ组臀二头肌肌内脂肪含量显著高于BS组(P<0.05)。以上结果表明膨化亚麻籽和裂殖壶藻粉可以显著提升牦牛肉品质。Compared to yaks raised through grazing,yaks under stall-feeding exhibit faster growth rates and lower feed-to-gain ratios.However,in production,the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in beef from stall-fed yaks is lower,and the meat quality is inferior to that of grazed yaks.For this study,28 healthy male yaks of similar age and body weight were selected and randomly divided into four groups,each consisting of seven yaks.One group was managed through complete grazing(FM),while the remaining three groups were entirely stall-fed,each provided with different diets:a standard complete feed group(BS),a complete feed group supplemented with 2%extruded flaxseed(YM),and a complete feed group supplemented with 2%Schizochytrium powder(LZ).The results indicated that the daily weight gain of yaks in the stall-fed groups was significantly higher than that of the grazed yaks(P<0.05).Although there was no significant difference in daily weight gain between the extruded flaxseed group(YM)and the Schizochytrium group(LZ)compared to the standard diet group(BS),their average daily feed intake and feed-to-gain ratios were significantly lower than that of the BS group(P<0.05).Additionally,the cooked meat yield of the YM and LZ groups was significantly lower than that of the FM and BS groups(P<0.05).Notably,the muscle brightness and yellowness of the YM and LZ groups were significantly higher compared to the other two groups.The intramuscular fat content in the YM group was significantly higher than that of the other groups,while the intramuscular fat content in the LZ group was notably greater than that in the BS group.This indicates that the addition of puffed flaxseed and Schizochytrium powder can significantly enhance the quality of yak meat.

关 键 词：膨化亚麻籽 裂殖壶藻粉 生产性状 牦牛肉质 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]