药食同源药材与中国老年人认知损害关系的横断面研究  

A Cross-Sectional Study on Association Between Medicinal and Edible Homologous Materials and Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Elderly

作　　者：龙子弋[1] 梁子钰 倪敬年[1] 白若文 李婷[1] 魏明清[1] 田金洲[1] 时晶[1] LONG Zi-yi;LIANG Zi-yu;NI Jing-nian;BAI Ruo-wen;LI Ting;WEI Ming-qing;TIAN Jin-zhou;SHI Jing(Department of Encephalology,District 3,Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100700;Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学东直门医院脑病科三区,北京100700 [2]北京中医药大学附属第三医院,北京100029

出　　处：《世界中西医结合杂志》2024年第10期2077-2082,2087,共7页World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

基　　金：中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2023-XZ-43);北京中医药大学“解码中医”(BZY-JMZY-2022-002)。

摘　　要：目的明确药食同源药材与老年人认知损害的关系,并探讨这种作用在各特征分层人群中的差异性。方法基于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey,CLHLS)2018年的数据,采用二元Logistic回归分析药食同源药材与中国老年人认知损害的相关性;并按人口学、社会经济、健康及生活方式等特征分层后进行全调整模型亚组分析。结果共有10564名受访者纳入分析,相对于很少食用药食同源药材组,经常食用药食同源药材组可以降低认知风险28%(OR:0.72,95%CI:0.52~0.99)。亚组分析显示经常(几乎每天)食用药食同源药材,80岁以上、家庭高收入组、患有1种或多种心血管代谢和神经疾病、体重偏低或超重的老年人,可以分别降低认知损害风险30%(OR:0.70,95%CI:0.492~0.983)、57%(OR:0.43,95%CI:0.23~0.80)、46%(OR:0.54,95%CI:0.35~0.85)、67%(OR:0.33,95%CI:0.16~0.71)和64%(OR:0.36,95%CI:0.15~0.87)。结论老年人经常食用药食同源药材(人参、黄芪、当归、枸杞子)的一种或多种有可能降低认知损害的风险。80岁以上、家庭高收入组、患有心血管代谢及神经疾病、体重偏低或超重、居住在东部地区的老年人食用药食同源药材更有可能获益。应优先在我国东部地区,重点识别患有心血管代谢及神经疾病、体重偏低或超重的老年人,采用因地制宜的方案开展药食同源药材预防痴呆。Objective To clarify the relationship between medicinal and edible homologous materials and cognitive impairment in the Chinese elderly,and to explore differences in this effect across subgroups with distinct characteristics.Methods Based on data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS),binavy logistic regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between medicinal and edible homologous materials and cognitive impairment in Chinese elderly individuals.Subgroup analyses were conducted using fully adjusted models stratified by demographic,socioeconomic,health,and lifestyle characteristics.Results A total of 10,564 participants were included in the analysis.Compared with the group that rarely consumed medicinal and edible homologous materials,those who frequently consumed these herbs had a 28%reduction in cognitive impairment risk(OR:0.72,95%CI:0.52-0.99).Subgroup analysis showed that frequent(almost daily)consumption of medicinal and edible homologous materials was associated with a reduced cognitive impairment risk in individuals over 80 years old by 30%(OR:0.70,95%CI:0.492-0.983),in high-income households by 57%(OR:0.43,95%CI:0.23-0.80),in those with one or more cardiovascular or neurological diseases by 46%(OR:0.54,95%CI:0.35-0.85),in underweight or overweight individuals by 67%(OR:0.33,95%CI:0.16-0.71),and in residents of East China by 64%(OR:0.36,95%CI:0.15-0.87).Conclusion Regular consumption of medicinal and edible homologous materials(such as ginseng,astragalus,angelica,and goji berry)may reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in elderly individuals.Those over 80 years old,in high-income households,with cardiovascular and neurological diseases,who are underweight or overweight,and residing in East China,are more likely to benefit from medicinal and edible homologous materials.Priority should be given to identifying elderly individuals in Eastern China with cardiovascular or neurological conditions and low or high body weight,and to using tailored approaches to implementi

关 键 词：药食同源药材 认知损害 共病 体质指数 补益药 

分 类 号：R281.6[医药卫生—中药学]