固溶处理时间对Al-10SiM合金摩擦学性能的影响  

Effect of solution treatment time on tribological properties of Al-10SiM alloy

作　　者：王英东 林祖香 邢旭 余大霜 王远[1] WANG Ying-dong;LIN Zu-xiang;XING Xu;YU Da-shuang;WANG Yuan(College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学机械与交通学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2024年第10期18-24,共7页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：云南省农业基础研究联合基金重点项目(202301BD070001-012)。

摘　　要：生物柴油应用引起发动机润滑环境的恶化,加速了活塞常用材料Al-10Si合金的腐蚀磨损,使其发生早期失效。因而,设计、铸造了一种Al10Si0.25Cu5Mg0.25Sn0.15Sc0.15Ti新型Al-Si系合金(简称Al-10SiM合金),随后在510℃下对其分别进行8、12、16和20 h的固溶处理,以研究不同时间的固溶处理对Al-10SiM合金物相结构、显微组织、维氏硬度和在模拟生物柴油发动机活塞运行工况下摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明:随固溶处理时间从8 h增至20 h,Al-10SiM合金中的Mg2 Si相消失,Al 3 Sc与Mg2 Sn相形成后又消失,析出相尺寸先减小后长大,析出相分布弥散、均匀性先变好后变差;维氏硬度在16 h时达到最高值162.6 HV,在20 h时又降至130.8 HV。在法向载荷为10和15 N下,当固溶处理时间为8~16 h时,Al-10SiM合金的摩擦系数和磨损率降低,固溶处理时间为20 h时又上升,在固溶处理时间为16 h时获得最佳的减摩抗磨性能,且它们在摩擦中均发生了不同程度的粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损。The application of biodiesel causes deterioration of the engine lubrication environment,accelerating the corrosion and wear of the commonly used piston material Al-10Si alloy,leading to early failure.Therefore,a new Al-Si alloy of Al10Si0.25Cu5Mg0.25Sn0.15Sc0.15Ti(referred to as Al-10SiM alloy)was designed and cast,and then subjected to 8 h,12 h,16 h and 20 h of solution treatment at 510℃to study the effects of different solution treatment time on phase structure,microstructure,Vickers hardness and tribological properties under simulated biodiesel engine piston operating conditions of the Al-10SiM alloy.The results show that as the solution treatment time increases from 8 h to 20 h,the Mg2 Si phase in the Al-10SiM alloy disappears,the Al 3 Sc and Mg2 Sn phases first form and then disappear,the size of the precipitated phases first decreases and then grows,and the distribution and uniformity of the precipitated phases first improve and then deteriorate.The Vickers hardness of the alloy reaches its highest value of 162.6 HV after solution treatment for 16 h,and then decreases to 130.8 HV after solution treatment for 20 h.Under normal loads of 10 and 15 N,the friction coefficient and wear rate of the Al-10SiM alloy decrease when the solution treatment time is 8-16 h,and increase again when the solution treatment time is 20 h.The best friction reduction and wear resistance performance is achieved when the solution treatment time is 16 h,and they all exhibit varying degrees of adhesive wear,abrasive wear and fatigue wear during friction.

关 键 词：Al-10Si合金 固溶处理 析出相 摩擦学性能 活塞材料 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]