中国式自主创新中的“低质低效”双低困境及对策研究--基于全球价值链控制力视角  

The Dilemma of“Low Quality,Low Efficiency”in Chinese Independent Innovation and the Strategy Research:Based on the Perspective of Global Value Chain Control

作　　者：侯翔瀚 郭万山[1] Hou Xianghan;Guo Wanshan(School of Economics,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学经济学院,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2024年第11期71-80,共10页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金重点建设学科项目“全球价值链下的辽宁制造业‘低端锁定’破局:成因、机制及应对策略”(L21ZD047)。

摘　　要：中美贸易争端本质上是对技术领先优势和对全球价值链控制力和影响力的争夺,对21世纪全球价值链性质、结构和新的国际规则的形成将会产生长期而深远的影响。中国企业创新质量与效率越来越引起社会的广泛关注,并直接关系到中美博弈的未来走向。本文基于中国制造业上市公司的微观数据和WIOD及亚行的世界投入产出表数据,以价值链地位作为创新质量的衡量目标,考察中国企业创新中存在的“低质低效”问题及其影响因素。研究发现:R&D投入对价值链地位具有显著提升作用,但这种作用更多依赖于引进国外先进技术,本土企业自主创新作用有限,自主创新的“低质低效”特征明显。FDI有助于提高中国企业对全球价值链的影响力,但对企业高质量创新具有抑制作用。企业规模对提高企业创新能力和价值链地位具有显著的正向影响。无法排除政府补贴已陷入“策略性创新”陷阱的可能。企业的国有属性对企业创新和价值链地位提升均有显著的负向影响。最后,阐述了本文研究结论的政策含义。The essence of the trade friction between China and the US is the friction on the technological advantage and the control and influence on the global value chains,and will generate a long-run influence on the characteristics and structures of the global value chains in the 21st century and the formation of new international rules.The quality and efficiency of the innovation of Chinese enterprises is causing greater attention,and is directly related to the future of the game between China and the US.Based on the micro data of Chinese listed manufacturing companies and the world input-output table data from WIOD and ADB databases,and using global value chain position as the target variable,this paper examines the“low quality,low efficiency”problem and its influence factors in the innovation in Chinese enterprises.The research results show the followings.R&D inputs can significantly raise the global value chain position,but the effect is mainly conducted through the bringing in of advanced technologies from foreign countries,and there is only limited effect from the independent innovation of domestic enterprises,indicating that the“low quality,low efficiency”characteristics in the independent innovation are apparent.Although FDI can help raise the influence of Chinese enterprises on the global value chains,it has a containment effect on the high-quality enterprise innovation.Moreover,enterprise sizes have a significant positive effect on raising the innovation ability of enterprises and the global value chain positions.The possibility that the government subsidy has already been in the“strategic innovation”trap cannot be eliminated.The state-owned property of enterprises has a negative effect on both enterprise innovation and the rise of global value chain position.Finally,this paper states the policy inspiration of the conclusions.

关 键 词：价值链脱钩 自主创新 低质低效 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济]