带有焊瘤的钢轨接头喷风冷却数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of air-jet cooling of rail joints with welding slag

作　　者：胡梦伟 胡侠 吕其兵[1] 项学明 杨泽仁 袁炜 HU Mengwei;HU Xia;LÜQibing;XIANG Xueming;YANG Zeren;YUAN Wei(Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;Sichuan State-owned Assets Operation and Investment Administration Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]四川省国有资产经营投资管理有限责任公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《金属加工（热加工）》2024年第11期50-59,共10页MW Metal Forming

摘　　要：目前,国内的焊轨基地焊后热处理与粗磨工位布置有两种方式:一种是热处理在前,另一种是粗磨在前。接头粗磨前后存在1mm厚度的焊瘤,可对接头起到保护作用,防止其在低温环境下喷风冷却过程中因冷却速度过快而产生马氏体等有害组织。为了探究带有焊瘤接头喷风冷却过程,基于ANSYS平台下的FLUENT模块与瞬态热模块耦合系统,建立了喷风冷却模型。仿真结果表明:钢轨表面曲率偏大的区域流速偏大,钢轨表面曲率偏小的区域流速就偏小;接头不同位置的冷却速度从慢到快排序为:轨头心部<轨底三角区<轨腰<轨底脚,冷却结束后接头最高温度出现在轨头心部,最低温度出现在轨底脚;带有焊瘤接头在喷风冷却过程中较打磨干净接头温度要高,且冷却速度要小。At present,there are two ways of post-welding heat treatment and rough grinding position arrangement in the domestic welding rail base:one is heat treatment first,and the other is coarse grinding first.The 1mm thickness welding slag of the joint before and after rough grinding can protect the joint and prevent the harmful tissues such as martensite from being generated due to the excessive cooling rate in the process of blast cooling in low temperature environment.In order to explore the air-jet cooling process of joints with welding slag,this paper establishes a jet cooling model based on the coupling system of the FLUENT module and the transient thermal module under the ANSYS platform.The simulation results show that the flow velocity in the region with larger rail surface curvature is larger,and the flow velocity in the region with smaller rail surface curvature is smaller.The cooling speed at different positions of the joint is sorted from slow to fast as follows:the center of the rail head<the triangle of the rail bottom<the waist of the rail bottom<the foot of the rail bottom.After the end of cooling,the highest temperature of the joint appears in the center of the rail head,and the lowest temperature appears in the foot of the rail.Joints with welding slag have a higher temperature than those of polished joints during the cooling process of air spray,and the cooling speed is smaller.

关 键 词：焊瘤 钢轨接头 喷风冷却 数值模拟 流场 温度场 

分 类 号：TG441.8[金属学及工艺—焊接]