中国农业非二氧化碳温室气体减排的政策措施、技术应用与对策启示  

Mitigation of non-CO_(2) greenhouse gas emissions in China’s agricultural sector:Policy measures,technology applications,and future perspectives

作　　者：汪笑溪 李佳珂 叶蕾 林斌[1] WANG Xiaoxi;LI Jiake;YE Lei;LIN Bin(China Academy for Rural Development,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院,杭州310058

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2024年第11期1793-1804,共12页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72273126);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0608604);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(S20230139)资助。

摘　　要：非二氧化碳温室气体具有升温潜势高和排放增速快等特点,对全球气候变化具有不可忽视的影响。为应对全球气候变化,针对甲烷和氧化亚氮等非二氧化碳温室气体减排工作刻不容缓。本文聚焦甲烷与氧化亚氮温室气体排放,搜集并整理了中国农业源非二氧化碳温室气体排放的总量、来源及时间趋势等现状;通过政策和文献梳理,从减排政策和技术应用两个方面对比分析了中国和国际典型的农业非二氧化碳温室气体减排行动;并基于排放现状和对比分析,总结了中国在减排工作中面临的困境与挑战,进而提出相应的减排对策。虽然中国已逐步将非二氧化碳温室气体减排纳入国家战略规划,农业部门也出台了针对性政策,但非二氧化碳温室气体减排工作仍存在有待完善之处,应持续加强技术研发和完善推广机制,健全碳交易市场与公共低碳投资机制。本文为进一步完善非二氧化碳温室气体减排政策措施和相关研究的开展提供了科学依据。Mitigating the emission of non-CO_(2) greenhouse gases(GHG),particularly methane and nitrous oxide,is crucial owing to their significant potential effects on worsening climate change.This study systematically reviews policy measures and technological advances related to methane and nitrous oxide emissions from China’s agricultural sector,providing insights into the mitigation of non-CO_(2) GHG.We comprehensively analyzed the emission sources,total amounts,and temporal trends of non-CO_(2) GHG emissions in China’s agricultural industry.By comparing China’s policies and technologies with key international practices,we identified the current challenges and proposed targeted strategies for reducing non-CO_(2) GHG emissions in China’s agricultural sector.Despite the integration of non-CO_(2) GHG mitigation into the national strategic planning,further enhancements are necessary.Key recommendations include:1)sustained investment in research and development for non-CO_(2) GHG mitigation;2)strengthening technology dissemination systems,carbon trading markets,and public investment;3)improving the institutional environment for non-CO_(2) GHG mitigation.This study offers critical insights for future policy design and research aimed at reducing non-CO_(2) GHG emissions and mitigating global warming.

关 键 词：非二氧化碳温室气体减排 农业部门 甲烷 氧化亚氮 排放现状 政策建议 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]