连作对土壤质量及硝态氮含量、菜心产量和品质的级联影响  

Cascade effects of continuous cropping on soil quality,nitrate nitrogen content,yield and quality of choy sum

作　　者：穆晓国 王翰霖[2] 李海俊 徐垒 王继涛 张达林 毕雪婷 徐佳鑫 高富成 叶林[1,3] MU Xiaoguo;WANG Hanlin;LI Haijun;XU Lei;WANG Jitao;ZHANG Dalin;BI Xueting;XU Jiaxin;GAO Fucheng;YE Lin(College of Wine and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of Yinchuan,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China;Horticultural Technology Popularization Station of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Nongken Group Company Limited,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Materials and Energy of South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,银川750021 [2]银川市农业技术推广服务中心,银川750021 [3]宁夏设施园艺工程技术研究中心,银川750021 [4]宁夏回族自治区园艺技术推广站,银川750021 [5]宁夏农垦集团有限公司,银川750021 [6]华南农业大学材料与能源学院,广州510642

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2024年第11期1869-1881,共13页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600300);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BBF02006);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目引才专项(2021BEB04064);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(NXYLXK2017B03)资助。

摘　　要：为探索露地连作菜心(Brassica chinensis var.parachinensis)产量和土壤状况变化,开展了以土壤重金属累积、土壤肥力和土壤结构的3因素3水平正交试验。结果表明:影响菜心产量的主次因素顺序为土壤结构、土壤重金属累积和土壤肥力;土壤重金属累积和土壤肥力交互作用、土壤结构和土壤肥力交互作用均对菜心产量的影响显著(P<0.05),其他因素交互影响不显著。影响土壤硝态氮含量的主次因素顺序为土壤重金属累积、土壤结构、土壤肥力,其中,土壤重金属累积和土壤结构交互作用对硝态氮的影响显著(P<0.05)。经响应曲面法得出:当土壤重金属累积综合指数(SHI)<1.0、土壤肥力综合指数(SFI)≥6.5、土壤结构综合指数(SSI)≥1.95时,菜心产量和土壤硝态氮含量维持在较高水平。为了验证模型准确性,进行了Logitic回归分析,将3个连作年限与SHI、SFI、SSI、产量、硝态氮含量进行了拟合。基于这一分析,进一步预测了连续种植5年、9年和13年后这些指标的预测数值。测定品质指标发现,连作5年、9年和13年的各项指标预测值和实测值的RMSE值均小于0.83,具有较高的一致性。连作年限≥5年时,菜心产量、品质和土壤硝态氮含量显著下降(P<0.05),且较Box-Behnken模型优化值降低。因此,当菜心连作年限不超过4年时,土壤才有较高的生产力来保证菜心稳产和较优的品质。To investigate the choy sum(Brassica chinensis var.parachinensis)yield and soil condition changes under the open-field continuous cultivation,a three-factor three-level orthogonal experiment was conducted.The factors examined were soil heavy metal accumulation,soil fertility,and soil structure.The results indicated that the order of factors influencing choy sum yield was soil structure,heavy metal accumulation,and fertility.The interaction between soil heavy metal accumulation and soil fertility and the interaction between soil structure and soil fertility both had significant effects(P<0.05)on choy sum production;however,the interactions among other factors did not have significant effects on choy sum production.Soil heavy metal accumulation,soil structure,and soil fertility were the first,second and third factors affecting soil nitrate-nitrogen content,respectively.Notably,the interaction effects between soil heavy metal accumulation and soil structure on soil nitrate-nitrogen content were significant(P<0.05).Response surface method analysis revealed that a soil heavy metal accumulation composite index(SHI)<1.0,soil fertility composite index(SFI)≥6.5,and soil structure composite index(SSI)≥1.95 were required to maintain a high level of choy sum yield and soil nitrate-nitrogen content.Logistic regression analysis was conducted over three consecutive cropping years using various indicators,such as SHI,SFI,SSI,yield,and soil nitrate-nitrogen content,to forecast these indicators for continuous cultivation of choy sum for 5,9,and 13 years.Upon replicating the study in the following year and incorporating quality metrics,it was observed that the Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)values between the predicted and actual values of these indicators for 5,9,and 13 years of continuous cropping were consistently below 0.83,indicating a high level of accuracy.Notably,when the continuous cropping years exceeded five,a significant decrease in choy sum yield,quality,and soil nitrate-nitrogen content was observed,and the values fe

关 键 词：连作 重金属累积 土壤肥力 土壤结构 硝态氮 产量与品质 菜心 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]