炎症性肠病的新型功能化口服给药治疗方式研究进展  

Recent advances in novel functionalized oral administration therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases

作　　者：陈静[1] 洪惠雅 吴文果[1,2] 陈爱政[1,2] Jing Chen;Huiya Hong;Wenguo Wu;Aizheng Chen(Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学生物材料与组织工程研究所,厦门361021 [2]华侨大学,福建省生物化工技术重点实验室,厦门361021

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第28期4281-4298,共18页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32271410,32071323);福建省自然科学基金(2021J01313);福建省生物材料科技创新团队发展计划资助。

摘　　要：近年来炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)在全球的发病率迅速上升,IBD疾病负担日益严峻,成为人类社会面临的重大挑战.IBD是一种慢性易复发炎症性肠道疾病,并累及全身器官和组织,严重降低了患者生存质量.IBD的发病机制尚不明确,可能与免疫、遗传、环境和微生物之间的相互作用有关.由于口服给药对患者依从性好、安全性高、方便、易于操作且能直接作用于肠黏膜,适用于慢性肠道疾病长期给药,是IBD治疗的最理想给药途径.然而口服药物存在水溶性差、治疗功能单一和严重的全身副作用等问题,且口服给药受到胃肠道生理环境障碍的影响,导致生物利用度低,治疗效果不佳.针对上述问题,本文分别从聚合物药物递送系统、纳米酶制剂、仿生药物递送系统、工程益生菌递送系统以及诊断和治疗一体化系统等方面进行综述,总结了IBD的新型功能化口服给药治疗方法.该方法能够有效地提高药物的溶解度和生物利用度,并且实现结肠炎症靶向和多功能诊疗,为IBD的精准治疗提供了新思路和新途径.Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a non-specific,chronic and easily relapsing inflammatory bowel disease,consisting of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.IBD is not limited to intestinal lesions,but also involves organs and tissues throughout the body.In recent years,the global incidence of IBD has been rising rapidly and become a common and frequently-occurring disease in China.The pathogenesis of IBD may be related to interactions between immunity,genetics,environment and microorganisms.Since oral administration has good compliance with patients,high safety,convenience,ease of operation,and can directly act on intestinal mucosa,it is suitable for the long-term administration of chronic intestinal diseases,and is the most ideal administration route for IBD therapy.However,due to the poor water solubility and stability of oral drugs,the gastrointestinal physiological environment,systemic toxicity and side effects and single therapeutic function,the bioavailability is low and the therapeutic efficacy is poor.Therefore,it is urgent to develop novel functionalized oral administration therapy methods for IBD,improve the solubility and bioavailability of drugs,and realize colon targeting and multifunctional diagnosis and treatment,so as to provide new ideas and approaches for the precision treatment of IBD.Polymer drug delivery systems can effectively improve the solubility and stability of drugs and significantly improve the efficacy of drugs.Excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)can cause intestinal mucosal layer damage,stimulate immune response,and accelerate the occurrence and development of IBD.Nanoparticles with colonic and inflammatory targeted ROS clearance can effectively alleviate IBD symptoms while reducing systemic side effects of the drug.In addition,nano-enzymes play unique biological functions while have a variety of enzyme activities,such as cascade reaction,antioxidant,fluorescence imaging,and photothermal effect,becoming an important means of adjuvant therapy for IBD.By imitating the special st

关 键 词：炎症性肠病 口服给药治疗 药物递送系统 仿生 工程益生菌 诊疗一体化 

分 类 号：R943[医药卫生—药剂学]