液态肥稳定剂的研究进展及展望  

Research progress and prospect of liquid fertilizer stabilizer

作　　者：陈禹合 闫轶博 胡宏志 张胥雪 刘洋[1,2,3] 刘尊奇[1,2,3] CHEN Yu-he;YAN Yi-bo;HU Hong-zhi;ZHANG Xu-xue;LIU Yang;LIU Zun-qi(Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830052;Xinjiang Sub-Center National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing,Urumqi Xinjiang 830052;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry and Biomaterials,Urumqi Xinjiang 830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学化学化工学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]聚合物新型成型装备国家工程研究中心新疆分中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆农业化学与生物材料重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第9期219-227,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发厅厅联动项目(2022B02049-3-3);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2022B02033-3);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2022D01A76);新疆“天山英才计划”项目(XJ202108);新疆农业大学研究生科研创新计划项目(No.XJAUGRI2023051);新疆农业大学大学生创新(No.2023430)项目;自治区级农业工程重点学科(XJ202207)项目。

摘　　要：我国作为农业大国在种植方面使用大量的固态肥料,肥效利用率低且对环境水体产生一定损害,相比之下液态肥具有节约用水、肥效稳定、运输成本低、灌溉模式多样、精准控制等优点,成为现代高标准农业发展的需求。而液态肥中含有大量复杂的营养成分易形成沉淀物质,影响其大面积推广和使用,稳定剂可使液态肥不产生沉淀,营养物质都处于悬浮状态、提升肥料利用率。对国外液态肥料及其稳定剂的发展历程进行了归纳总结,并对国内的液态肥稳定剂相关材料进行简单的区分和归类,阐述其稳定性原理,同时提出了环境友好且成本较低的生物质基稳定剂的发展设想,并对其可行性进行了初步论证。考虑到生物质材料的廉价、可降解、环境友好等优势,在未来的液态肥料稳定剂的研发中,应向该领域进行研究探索。As a large agricultural country,China uses a lot of solid fertilizers in planting,with low fertilizer efficiency and certain damage to environmental water bodies.In contrast,liquid fertilizer has the advantages of water saving,stable fertilizer efficiency,low transportation cost,diverse irrigation modes,and precise control,etc.,which has become the demand of modern high-standard agricultural development.However,the liquid fertilizer contains a large number of complex nutrients and is easy to form precipitating substances,which affects its large-scale promotion and use.The stabilizer can make the liquid fertilizer not precipitate,and the nutrients are in a suspended state to improve the fertilizer efficiency utilization rate.In this paper,the development process of foreign liquid fertilizers and their stabilizers were summarized,distinguishes and categorizes the related materials of domestic liquid fertilizer stabilizers were simply distinguished and categorized,the principle of stability was explained.A development idea of biobased stabilizers with environmental friendliness and low cost was proposed,and its feasibility was preliminarily demonstrated.In view of the advantages of low cost,degradability,and environmental friendliness of biomaterials,the research and development of liquid fertilizer stabilizers in the future should be explored in this direction.

关 键 词：液态肥 稳定剂 悬浮剂 微球控释 水肥一体化 

分 类 号：S145[农业科学—肥料学]