中国国土空间生态保护修复法律主题变迁研究  

Research on the Changes of Legal Themes Related to Ecological Protection and Restoration of Territorial Space in China

作　　者：刘郑倩 罗勇华 杨远光 吕丹娜 蒋冬菊 叶玉瑶[1,4] Liu Zhengqian;Luo Yonghua;Yang Yuanguang;Lyu Danna;Jiang Dongju;Ye Yuyao(Guangzhou Institute of Geography,Guangdong Academy of Science,Guangzhou 510070,China;Guangdong Provincial Land Development and Renovation Center,Guangzhou 510635,China;Guangdong Hang Seng Law Firm,Guangzhou 510115,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application,Guangzhou 510070,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省科学院广州地理研究所,广州510070 [2]广东省土地开发整治中心,广州510635 [3]广东恒生律师事务所,广州510115 [4]广东省遥感与地理信息系统应用重点实验室/广东省地理空间信息技术与应用公共实验室,广州510070

出　　处：《热带地理》2024年第11期2050-2062,共13页Tropical Geography

基　　金：中国科学院学部咨询评议项目(2020-DX02-B-010);广东省科学院打造综合产业技术创新中心行动资金项目(2023GDASZH-2023010101);2023年度广东省自然资源厅国土空间生态修复机制研究(GDTDZZ-2023031-010202)。

摘　　要：文章采用文本分析方法,系统回顾和梳理了1978年以来中国生态保护修复领域立法的历程,回溯中国相关环境立法主题的历史演变,揭示中国国土空间生态保护修复立法基础,旨在为新时期构建面向山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理的生态保护修复法治体系提供重要依据和参考。研究发现,中国国土空间生态保护修复相关法律经历了自然资源管理利用(1978—2011年)、单要素保护(2012—2017年)、屏障带生态保护和修复(2018—2023年)3个阶段的发展变化,体现了由单一要素转向全域全要素、由单目标线性治理转向多目标协同保护修复、由自然资源管理转向综合生态管理特点,但仍存在落实新理念新方法的法律规范未建立、部门职责划分不清晰、公众参与机制有效性不足等问题。未来,要充分贯彻生态系统方法,形成以自然资源部门“两统一”职责为核心的集中管辖、联席协调、逐层细化的管理体制,深化立法加强公众参与,发挥多学科多领域综合力量,共同开展立法研究与实践探索。Ecological protection and restoration of territorial space is a national strategy aimed at safeguarding China's ecological security and enhancing people's well-being in the new era of ecological civilization.Establishing a legal framework for ecological protection and restoration of territorial space is a key strategic requirement for China to build the"multiple pillars"of ecological civilization.However,the legal provisions related to ecological protection and restoration are currently dispersed across various environmental laws and basic environmental legislation,making it difficult to provide robust support for the construction of a comprehensive legal system for ecological protection and restoration of territorial space.This study employs a textual analysis to systematically review the history of China's ecological protection and restoration legislation since 1978,tracing the evolution of relevant environmental laws,revealing the legislative foundations for the protection and restoration of national land space,and offering critical insights and references for building a legal framework that promotes integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains,waters,forests,fields,lakes,grasses,and sands in the new era.The evolution of legal themes related to ecological protection and restoration of territorial space in China has undergone three stages:natural resource management and utilization(1978‒2011),single-element protection(2012‒2017),and barrier zone ecological protection and restoration(2018‒2023),marking three levels of transformation.From the perspective of legislative objectives,the focus has shifted from legislation concerning individual natural resources elements,such as mountains,water,forests,grasses,and seas,to comprehensive legislation targeting key regional ecosystems.In terms of legislative goals,the shift has been from single-element governance aimed at singular objectives to multi-objective,synergistic protection and restoration of mountains,water,forests,fields,lakes,grasses,sand

关 键 词：国土空间 生态保护修复 法律 主题变迁 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] D923[政治法律—法学]