中国渔业政策的演进特征及其规律研究——基于250个涉渔规范性文件文本的量化分析  

Research on the Evolution Characteristics and Laws of China′s Fishery Policy-Word Quantitative Analysis Based on the Texts of 250 Normative Documents Related to Fisheries

作　　者：张慧 杨怀宇[1] ZHANG Hui;YANG Huaiyu(College of Economics&.Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2024年第7期43-55,共13页Ocean Development and Management

摘　　要：中国是世界第一的渔业大国,也是位居世界第一的水产养殖大国,渔业在国民经济中是一项非常重要的产业,它对维持和改善人们的生活质量有着重要影响。因此,政府在这一领域制定了相关政策,以促进渔业的发展。文章选取250份渔业规范性文件文本,涵盖1949年以来中共中央、国务院及其有关部门和全国性会议颁布实施的政策法规,分析政策文本对渔业发展的影响。通过政策文本分析法和词云分析法对中国渔业政策文本进行量化分析,深入探究中国渔业政策的演进特征及其发展规律。渔业政策的发展特征整体上呈现上升趋势,其关注点长期在水产养殖层面,发布主体呈现多元化特征,政策文本的制定以单部门决策为主多部门联合决策较少。政策工具使用类型以信息控制型为主,命令控制型、经济激励型和自愿参与型工具的使用不足。政策文本效力的提升与渔业政策的数量的提升呈同向性变化。China is the world′s largest fishery country and also the world′s largest aquaculture country.Fisheries is a very important industry in the national economy and has a significant impact on maintaining and improving the quality of people′s lives.Therefore,the government has formulated relevant policies in this field to promote the development of the fishery industry.The paper selects 250 fishery normative document texts,covering policies and regulations promulgated and implemented by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,the State Council and its relevant departments,and national conferences since 1949,and analyzes the impact of policy texts on the development of the fishery industry.Through policy text analysis methods and word cloud analysis methods,a quantitative analysis of China′s fishery policy texts is conducted to deeply explore the evolution characteristics and development laws of China′s fishery policies.The development characteristics of fishery policies overall show an upward trend.The focus has long been on the level of aquaculture.The issuers show diversified characteristics.The formulation of policy texts is mainly based on single department decisions,and multi-department joint decisions are relatively rare.The type of policy tools used is mainly information control type,and the use of command and control type,economic incentive type and voluntary participation type tools is insufficient.The improvement of the effectiveness of policy texts changes in the same direction as the increase in the number of fishery policies.

关 键 词：渔业政策 演进特征 发展规律 量化分析 

分 类 号：P7[天文地球—海洋科学] D9[政治法律—法学] S9[农业科学—水产科学]