藏东南雅江流域冰-岩崩灾害链研究进展  

Advances in the study of ice-rock avalanche disaster chains in Yarlung Zangbo River Basin in southeast Tibet

作　　者：年廷凯[1] 赵润东 郑德凤[2] 许斌[1] 徐路客 闫成林 NIAN Tingkai;ZHAO Rundong;ZHENG Defeng;XU Bin;XU Luke;YAN Chenglin(School of Infrastructure Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学建设工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]辽宁师范大学地理科学学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《水利学报》2024年第10期1146-1162,共17页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42377185,42077272)。

摘　　要：全球气候变暖导致冰-岩崩及其灾害链成为研究热点,然而由于此类灾害多发于高寒地区,监测和模拟手段不足,研究困难且成果有限。我国西藏东南部雅鲁藏布江流域是冰-岩崩灾害高发区,也是水电建设重要区域,其冰/岩体稳定性对水利工程建设、运营及人民安全构成严重威胁。在全面梳理国内外研究现状的基础上,汇编了雅江流域近70年来有相关记载的冰-岩崩事件;通过深入调查分析,对冰-岩崩灾害进行了重新界定,并探究了该地区冰-岩崩灾害的时空分布规律;进一步,结合雅江流域独特的地理特征,初步揭示了冰-岩崩的形成机制,并将冰-岩崩灾害划分为冰-岩崩泥石流灾害、冰-岩崩堵江溃坝型灾害、冰-岩崩冰湖溃决型灾害和冰-岩崩库坝失效型灾害四种。在此基础上,基于CiteSpace可视化分析软件和WoS核心合集数据库,定量分析了最近25年(1999—2023年)国内外对于冰-岩崩灾害的研究现状,指出了不同时间段的研究热点和发展趋势。上述成果为雅江流域冰-岩崩灾害的深入研究及重大水利工程防灾减灾提供参考价植。With the global warming,the ice-rock avalanches and their disaster chains have become a current research hotspot.Since ice-rock avalanches usually occur in high mountain areas,insufficient monitoring and modeling tools have made it difficult to carry out studies and have yielded few results.The Yarlung Zangbo River Basin in southeastern Tibet is a high-incidence area of ice-rock avalanche disasters in China.It is also the core zone of hydropower development.Ice/rock stability poses a serious threat to the construction and operation of water projects and the safety of the people.On the basis of comprehensive reviews of the current status of research by scholars,we summarized the ice-rock avalanche events with relevant records in Southeast Tibet in the past 70 years.We refined the ice-rock avalanche disaster through in-depth investigation and analysis,and explored the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of ice-rock avalanche disasters in the region.Further,the formation mechanism of ice-rock avalanches has been preliminarily revealed according to the unique geographical characteristics of Yarlung Zangbo River Basin,and the ice-rock avalanche disaster chains in the region were classified into four types,namely,debris flow type,blocked-river damming type,glacial-lake outburst type and failure type of reservoir-dam.On this basis,the current status of ice-rock avalanche hazards during 1999—2023 was quantitatively analyzed based on the CiteSpace and the Web of Science Core Collection,revealing the research hotspots and future development trends in different periods.The results of the study provide a useful reference for researchers studying ice-rock avalanche disasters and for those involved in disaster prevention and mitigation of major projects in southeast Tibet.

关 键 词：雅江流域 冰-岩崩 灾害链 重大水利工程 CITESPACE 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]