2019—2021年武汉市居民慢性病防治素养水平变化及影响因素分析  

Changes in health literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment and their influencing factors among residents in Wuhan City,2019-2021

作　　者：陈功 梅欣 李毅琳[2] 张玲[2] 黄远霞[2] CHEN Gong;MEI Xin;LI Yilin;ZHANG Ling;HUANG Yuanxia(Wuhan Central Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430014,China;Institute of Health Education,Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430024,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉中心医院,湖北武汉430014 [2]武汉市疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,湖北武汉430024

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第9期1078-1083,共6页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2019—2021年武汉市居民慢性病防治素养水平变化及影响因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2019—2021年每年9—12月,分别抽取武汉市15~69岁常住居民2880、2520和3120人进行面对面问卷调查。所有数据分析均基于复杂抽样设计,采用χ^(2)检验比较慢性病防治素养水平的差异,采用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验分析慢性病防治素养水平的变化趋势,采用logistic回归分析慢性病防治素养水平的影响因素。结果2019、2020和2021年武汉市15~69岁居民慢性病防治素养水平分别为37.15%(95%CI:26.78%~47.53%)、32.67%(95%CI:25.10%~40.23%)和37.48%(95%CI:32.45%~42.51%),总体呈缓慢上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(Z=13.836,P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,2021年调查对象中文化程度为初中/高中、大专及以上的研究对象具备慢性病防治素养的可能性分别是小学及以下组的1.499倍(95%CI:1.129~1.990,P=0.005)和3.326倍(95%CI:1.745~6.340,P<0.001);家庭人口数为3~4人的研究对象具备慢性病防治素养的可能性是家庭人口数为1~2人组的1.412倍(95%CI:1.040~1.915,P=0.027);2020年调查对象中家庭年收入≥100000元的研究对象具备慢性病防治素养的可能性是家庭年收入<50000元的1.703倍(95%CI:1.127~2.573,P=0.012)。结论2019—2021年武汉市居民慢性防治素养水平总体呈缓慢上升趋势,文化程度、家庭年收入和家庭人口数是其主要影响因素。Objective To understand the changes and influencing factors of health literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment among residents in Wuhan City from 2019 to 2021.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 2,880,2,520 and 3,120 permanent residents aged 15-69 years in Wuhan City in September-December of each year during 2019-2021 for the face-to-face questionnaire survey.All data analysis was based on a complex sampling design.The differences in the level of heath literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment were compared using chi-square tests.The Cochran-Armitage trend test was employed to analyze the trend of changes in the level of heath literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing the level of heath literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment.Results The levels of heath literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment among the residents aged 15-69 years in Wuhan City in 2019,2020 and 2021 were 37.15%(95%CI:26.78-47.53),32.67%(95%CI:25.10-40.23)and 37.48%(95%CI:32.45-42.51)respectively,showing a slow upward trend,and the differences were statistically significant(Z=13.836,P<0.001).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that participants with education levels of junior/senior high school,junior college and above in 2021 were 1.499 times(95%CI:1.129-1.990,P=0.005)and 3.326 times(95%CI:1.745-6.340,P<0.001)more likely to have heath literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment than those with education level of primary school and below.Participants with 3-4 family members were 1.412 times(95%CI:1.040-1.915,P=0.027)more likely to have heath literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment than those with 1-2 family members.In 2020,participants with an annual family income of≥100,000 yuan were 1.703 times(95%CI:1.127-2.573,P=0.012)more likely to have heath literacy about chronic disease prevention and treatment than thos

关 键 词：健康素养 慢性病防治 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]