顶/底部变频交替进水的厌氧氨氧化系统特性  

Characteristics of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)system featuring alternating influent at variable frequencies from top and bottom

作　　者：李冬[1] 陶博 张杰[1,2] LI Dong;TAO Bo;ZHANG Jie(Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,水质科学与水环境恢复工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]哈尔滨工业大学,城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第11期6057-6067,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：北京高校卓越青年科学家计划项目(BJJWZYJH012-01910005019)。

摘　　要：针对厌氧氨氧化污泥颗粒化过程较慢且易受水力剪切力和基质浓度波动的影响,颗粒污泥的传质性能随着粒径的增长逐渐恶化,进而导致系统脱氮性能受限问题,提出一种顶/底部变频交替进水运行模式,通过延长进水时间,并增设回流提供充足水力剪切力,改变顶/底部交替进水位置及频次,有效降低了基质浓度对厌氧氨氧化菌的冲击负荷,强化了系统脱氮性能.探究了系统运行期间污泥浓度、颗粒性能、EPS分泌和脱氮稳定性等变化情况.结果表明,该进水模式下总氮去除率达84.80%,颗粒平均粒径为783.67μm,EPS含量为169.13mg/gVSS.增加进水负荷后,游离氨最高浓度为9.70mg/L,未对系统造成抑制作用.显微镜结果显示,该进水模式下系统内颗粒颜色较深,血红素c含量较高,AnAOB活性较佳.高通量测序结果表明,顶/底部变频交替进水模式能够大幅提高系统内厌氧氨氧化菌属Candidatus_Brocadia的丰度,当交替频次为3次时达43.59%的最高占比.该进水方式加快了污泥与底物的混合,缩短了颗粒化进程,同时提升了污泥活性和抗冲击负荷能力,实现了厌氧氨氧化系统的稳定运行.The granulation process of anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge is slow and easily affected by hydraulic shear force and fluctuation in substrate concentration.At the same time,the mass transfer performance of granular sludge deteriorates with the increase of particle size,which leads to the limitation of nitrogen removal performance of the system.In this paper,a top/bottom variable frequency alternating influent operation mode was proposed,which extends the inlet duration and introduces recirculation to provide sufficient hydraulic shear forces.By varying the inlet positions and frequencies,this method effectively reduces the impact load of substrate concentration on Anammox bacteria and enhances the system's nitrogen removal performance.The changes in sludge concentration,particle performance,EPS(Extracellular Polymeric Substances)secretion and nitrogen removal stability during operation were investigated.The results show that under this influent mode,the removal rate of total nitrogen reached 84.80%,with an average particle size of 783.67μm,and EPS content of 169.13mg/gVSS.After increasing the influent load,the maximum concentration of free ammonia was 9.70mg/L,which has no inhibitory effect on the system.Microscopic observations revealed darker granule colors and higher heme c content,indicating better AnAOB activity.The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the top/bottom variable frequency alternating influent operation mode can greatly increase the abundance of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria Candidatus_Brocadia in the system,reaching a peak of 43.59%when the alternating frequency was 3times.The influent mode accelerates the mixing of sludge and substrate,shortens the granulation process,improves sludge activity and resilience to shock loads,and realizes the stable operation of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation system.

关 键 词：顶底部变频交替进水 游离氨 回流系统 饥饿时长 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]