Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4)强化牛粪厌氧发酵及抗性基因削减  

Enhancement of high concentration anaerobic fermentation of cow dung and reduction of antibiotic resistance genes by Nano-Fe3O4

作　　者：习彦花[1] 王馨芝 李旭 魏帅强 孙立博 吕亚天 程辉彩[1] XI Yan-hua;WANG Xin-zhi;LI Xu;WEI Shuai-qiang;SUN Li-bo;LYU Ya-tian;CHENG Hui-cai(Biology Institute,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050081,China;College of Landscape and Ecology,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;School of Water Resources and Environment,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院生物研究所,河北石家庄050081 [2]河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [3]河北地质大学水资源与环境学院,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第11期6250-6259,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：河北省重点研发项目(22373803D);河北省科学院科技计划项目(22302,23302,24302)。

摘　　要：为提高牛粪高浓度厌氧发酵产气性能,考察了不同浓度纳米四氧化三铁(Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4))对底物水解及产气效率的强化效果,探究其对发酵系统中微生物群落结构变化以及抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)归趋的影响.结果表明,添加500mg/L的Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4)可以提高牛粪高浓度厌氧发酵底物水解程度,增强系统稳定性,提高沼气产量12.36%.与对照相比,发酵系统中水解产酸菌厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、纤维杆菌门(Fibrobacteres)的丰度分别显著增加了37.39%和75.86%.属水平上尤其是梭菌属(Clostridium)和瘤胃球菌(Ruminofilibacter)丰度是原来的3.50倍和8.69倍.产甲烷菌中甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina)占主导地位,其丰度达2.55%,比对照显著增加27.50%.此外,潜在致病菌密螺旋体属(Treponema)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)的丰度分别显著降低72.14%和93.69%;ARGs中四环素类(tetA、tetG、tetH、tetJ)、氨基糖苷类(aph(3)、aph(6))削减率达100%.磺胺酰胺类(sul1、sul2)平均削减率达74.41%~96.55%.研究表明添加适量的Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4)对稳定发酵系统、提高微生物活性、增加沼气产量、抗性基因削减等方面有多重促进作用,研究结果可为畜禽粪污沼气工程中Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4)等导电性外源调控添加剂的使用提供参考.In order to improve the biogas production performance of high-concentration anaerobic fermentation of cow manure,the enhancement effect of different concentrations of nano iron trioxide(Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4))on substrate hydrolysis and biogas production efficiency was tested,and the influence on microbial community structure and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in the fermentation system were further explored.The results showed that adding 500mg/L of Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4)can improve the hydrolysis degree of high concentration anaerobic fermentation substrates in cow manure,enhance system stability,and increase biogas production by 12.36%.Compared with the control,the abundance of Firmicutes and Fibrobacters in the fermentation system significantly increased by 37.39%and 75.86%,respectively.At the genus level,especially the abundance of Clostridium and Ruminococcus was 3.50 times and 8.69 times higher than that before.Methanosarcina was dominant among methanogens,with an abundance of 2.55%,a significant increase of 27.50%over the control.In addition,the abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria Treponema and Acinetobacter was significantly decreased by 72.14%and 93.69%,respectively.The reduction rate of tetracyclines(tetA,tetG,tetH,tetJ)and aminoglycosides(aph(3),aph(6))in ARGs was 100%;The average reduction rate of sulfonamide class(sul1,sul2)was 74.41%~96.55%.Research has shown that adding an appropriate amount of Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4)had multiple promoting effects on stabilizing the fermentation system,improving microbial activity,increasing biogas production,and reducing antibiotic resistance genes,etc.The research results can provide relevant theoretical guidance and practical basis for the use of conductive exogenous regulatory additives such as Nano-Fe_(3)O_(4)in livestock and poultry manure biogas projects.

关 键 词：纳米四氧化三铁 牛粪 高浓度 厌氧发酵 抗生素抗性基因 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]