基于物种敏感度分布法的正丙苯和异丙苯海水水质基准  

Derivation of seawater quality criteria for n-propylbenzene and isopropylbenzene based on species sensitivity distribution

作　　者：李玉梅 夏宇凡 孟范平[1] LI Yu-mei;XIA Yu-fan;MENG Fan-ping(Key Laboratory for Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第11期6364-6372,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077335)。

摘　　要：目前国内外尚无正丙苯(n-PBZ)和异丙苯(i-PBZ)的海水水质标准,不利于海洋环境中此类化学品的污染控制和生态风险评价.本文进行n-PBZ和i-PBZ对4种海洋动物(黑褐新糠虾Neomysis awatschensis、卤虫Artemia sp.、菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippenarum和花鲈Lateolabrax maculatus)急性毒性试验,然后将所得到的毒性数据与文献报道的海洋微藻毒性数据相整合,构建2种丙苯对海洋生物的物种敏感度分布(SSD)曲线,由此计算它们对5%海洋物种有害的浓度(HC_(5)),进而推导出相应的短期海水水质基准(SSQC).结果表明,n-PBZ、i-PBZ对海洋动物的半致死浓度(LC_(50))分别为0.38~83.89和1.30~119.11mg/L,其中,黑褐新糠虾对2种丙苯均最敏感.n-PBZ和i-PBZ的HC_(5)分别为0.48,1.71mg/L,相应的SSQC分别为0.16,0.57mg/L.根据风险熵(RQ)计算,目前大多数海域中丙苯的生态风险较低,但是,海上石油开采作业区附近海水中存在较高浓度的丙苯,造成中等级的生态风险(RQ>0.1).在丙苯泄漏事故海域,海洋生态风险将会达到极高水平,需要采取有效措施加快污染的消除.At present,there is a lack of seawater quality standards for n-propylbenzene(n-PBZ)and isopropylbenzene(i-PBZ)both domestically and internationally,which is not conducive to pollution control and ecological risk assessment of such chemicals in the marine environment.In this study,the acute toxicity tests of n-PBZ and i-PBZ on four marine animals(Neomysis awatschensis,Artemia sp.,Ruditapes Philippenarum,and Lateolabrax maculatus)were carried out,and then combined the obtained toxicity values with the reported toxicity values for marine microalgae in literature to construct the species sensitivity distribution(SSD)curves.By doing so,their hazardous concentration for 5%of marine species(HC_(5))were calculated,and the corresponding short-term seawater quality criteria(SSQC)was derived.The half lethal concentrations(LC50)of n-PBZ and i-PBZ for marine animals ranged from 0.38to 83.89mg/L and 1.30to 119.11mg/L,respectively,and the N.awatschensis was most sensitive to both propylbenzenes.The HC_(5)values of n-PBZ and i-PBZ were 0.48 and 1.71mg/L,respectively,and the corresponding SSQC values were 0.16 and 0.57mg/L,respectively.According to the risk quotient(RQ)calculation,totally the ecological risk of propylbenzenes was relatively low in the investigated sea areas.However,in the seawater near oil exploitation regions,amedium ecological risk(RQ>0.1)was caused by relatively high concentrations of propylbenzenes.In addition,the marine ecological risk would reach a very high level in sea areas where propylbenzene leakage occured,and effective measures need to be taken to accelerate the elimination of pollution.

关 键 词：丙苯 海水 急性毒性 物种敏感度分布法(SSD) 短期海水水质基准(SSQC) 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]