数字普惠金融发展能缩小城乡收入差距吗  

Can the Development of Digital Inclusive Finance Narrow the Urban-Rural Income Gap

作　　者：郭航[1] GUO Hang(Huanghuai University,Zhumadian 463000,China)

机构地区：[1]黄淮学院经济管理学院,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《江西财经大学学报》2024年第5期38-52,共15页Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“农业社会化服务推动生产绿色转型的机制与对策研究”(23&ZD110)。

摘　　要：党的二十大报告提出,实现全体人民的共同富裕是中国式现代化的基本目标之一,而缩小城乡收入差距是达成这一目标的关键手段。基于2011—2020年中国31个省份的数据,使用空间计量经济模型,探讨数字普惠金融发展在缩小城乡收入差距方面的作用。结果表明:数字普惠金融发展与城乡收入差距之间呈现倒“U”型关系。短期内,数字普惠金融发展可能会加剧城乡收入差距,但从长远来看,其持续发展将有助于缩小城乡差距。同时,数字普惠金融发展的影响还具有空间溢出效应。进一步分析表明,在东部和西部、低产业结构、低城镇化水平、低市场化水平的情况下,数字普惠金融发展对缩小城乡收入差距的作用更大。其中,数字化程度和覆盖广度的作用更明显。机制分析表明,数字普惠金融发展通过传统金融发展水平和农户人力资本的提高从而缩小城乡收入差距。因此,在未来推动数字普惠金融发展的过程中,政府应更加注重扩大其应用的广度、向中西部地区出台相关优惠政策、鼓励发达地区共享基础设施,以便更有效地促进城乡收入差距的缩小,扎实推进全体人民共同富裕。The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that achieving common prosperity for all is one of the basic goals of Chinese path to modernization,and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas is the key means to achieve this goal.Based on the data from 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020,this study uses spatial econometric models to explore the role and impact of digital inclusive finance development in narrowing the urban-rural income gap.The results indicate that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the development of digital inclusive finance and the urban-rural income gap.In the short term,the development of digital inclusive finance may temporarily exacerbate the urban-rural income gap,but in the long run,its sustained development will help narrow the urban-rural gap.Meanwhile,the development of digital inclusive finance also has spatial spillover effects.Further analysis shows that in the eastern and western regions,with lower industrial structure,lower urbanization level,and lower marketization level,the development of digital inclusive finance plays a greater role in narrowing the urban-rural income gap.At the same time,the role of digitalization level and coverage breadth is also evident.The mechanism analysis reveals that the development of digital inclusive finance can narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas by improving the level of traditional financial development and the human capital of farmers.Therefore,in the process of promoting the development of digital inclusive finance in the future,the government should pay more attention to expanding its application breadth,introducing relevant preferential policies to the central and western regions,and encouraging the developed regions to share infrastructure,so as to more effectively promote the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap and solidly promote the realization of common prosperity for all people.

关 键 词：城乡收入差距 数字普惠金融 空间计量经济模型 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济]