Innate and adaptive immune responses that control lymph-borne viruses in the draining lymph node  

作　　者：Carolina R.Melo-Silva Luis J.Sigal 

机构地区：[1]Department of Microbiology and Immunology,Thomas Jefferson University,Bluemle Life Sciences Building Room 709,233 South 10th Street,Philadelphia,PA,19107,USA

出　　处：《Cellular & Molecular Immunology》2024年第9期999-1007,共9页中国免疫学杂志（英文版）

摘　　要：The interstitial fluids in tissues are constantly drained into the lymph nodes(LNs)as lymph through afferent lymphatic vessels and from LNs into the blood through efferent lymphatics.LNs are strategically positioned and have the appropriate cellular composition to serve as sites of adaptive immune initiation against invading pathogens.However,for lymph-borne viruses,which disseminate from the entry site to other tissues through the lymphatic system,immune cells in the draining LN(dLN)also play critical roles in curbing systemic viral dissemination during primary and secondary infections.Lymph-borne viruses in tissues can be transported to dLNs as free virions in the lymph or within infected cells.Regardless of the entry mechanism,infected myeloid antigen-presenting cells,including various subtypes of dendritic cells,inflammatory monocytes,and macrophages,play a critical role in initiating the innate immune response within the dLN.This innate immune response involves cellular crosstalk between infected and bystander innate immune cells that ultimately produce type I interferons(IFN-Is)and other cytokines and recruit inflammatory monocytes and natural killer(NK)cells.IFN-I and NK cell cytotoxicity can restrict systemic viral spread during primary infections and prevent serious disease.Additionally,the memory CD8+T-cells that reside or rapidly migrate to the dLN can contribute to disease prevention during secondary viral infections.This review explores the intricate innate immune responses orchestrated within dLNs that contain primary viral infections and the role of memory CD8+T-cells following secondary infection or CD8+T-cell vaccination.

关 键 词：Virus infection lymph borne virus lymph node virus control innate immunity adaptive immunity dendritic cells Langerhans cells macrophages inflammatory monocytes natural killer cells CD8+T-cells 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]