激光间歇钻孔辅助TBM滚刀侵入花岗岩试验研究  

Experimental Study on Laser-Drilling Holes to Improve TBM Cutter′s Penetration Into Granite

作　　者：聂雄 张康成 陈振宇 彭赐彩 林赉贶[4] 张魁 NIE Xiong;ZHANG Kangcheng;CHEN Zhenyu;PENG Cicai;LIN Laikuang;ZHANG Kui(CHINA RAILWAY SUNWARD,Guangzhou 511400,Guangdong,China;School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan,China;Great Wall Information Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410100,Hunan,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁山河工程装备股份有限公司,广东广州511400 [2]湘潭大学机械工程与力学学院,湖南湘潭411105 [3]长城信息股份有限公司,湖南长沙410100 [4]中南大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《隧道建设（中英文）》2024年第10期2041-2048,I0005-I0012,共16页Tunnel Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51704256);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2021RC2094);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(22B0127)。

摘　　要：针对隧道掘进机(TBM)掘进高承载压力、高强度、高石英含量等极端地层时盘型滚刀(简称滚刀)磨损严重导致其综合切削性能低下等问题,提出一种激光辅助破岩模式用于提高滚刀破岩效率;并以激光间歇钻孔辅助缩尺滚刀侵入花岗岩为例,设置测试组(预制激光孔)与对照组(无预制激光孔),进行给定孔-孔距为2 mm时不同刀-孔距的滚刀侵入岩石试验。通过对比2组中岩石的宏观碎裂、岩石碎裂负荷和比能(E_(SE))分析岩屑质量、破碎过程中滚刀所受垂直力以及耗能情况,讨论该方法的可行性和有效性。结果表明:1)破岩量随着刀-孔距的增大呈现出先增加后减小的趋势,在刀-孔距为5 mm时破岩量最大;2)在侵入深度为3 mm时,垂直力随着刀-孔距增加大致呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,在刀-孔距大于5 mm后,滚刀垂直力变化不大;3)E_(SE)随着刀-孔距的增加出现先下降后上升的趋势,其中刀-孔距为5 mm时E_(SE)最低。When the tunnel boring machine(TBM)excavates difficult rocks with high pressure,high strength,and high quartz content,the comprehensive rock-breaking performance is low due to the severe wearing of the disc cutters.In this paper,laser-drilling holes are proposed to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the cutters;a group of experimenting specimens(granite with holes drilled by means of laser)and a group of comparing specimens(granite without holes drilled by means of laser)are prepared,and the penetration of the reduced-scale cutters into the experimenting specimens are tested,with the spacing of the holes drilled by means of laser being 2 mm and the cutter-hole distances varying;subsequently,the macroscopic fragmentation of the rock specimens,the load needed to fragment the rock specimens and the specific energy consumption(E_(SE))are compared between the two specimen groups,and the amount of the rock debris,the vertical forces on the cutters during rock breaking,and the energy consumption are analyzed,in order to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the mode of rock-breaking assisted with laser-drilling holes.Conclusions drawn are as follows:(1)The rock-breaking amount first increases and then decreases with increasing cutter-hole distance,with the maximum rock-breaking amount occurring when the cutter-hole distance is 5 mm.(2)With a penetration of 3 mm,generally the vertical force on the cutter first decreases and then increases with increasing cutter-hole distance,with little change when the cutter-hole distance exceeds 5 mm.(3)E_(SE)first decreases and then increases with increasing cutter-hole distance,with the lowest occurring when the cutter-hole distance is 5 mm.

关 键 词：TBM 激光钻孔 滚刀 侵岩试验 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]