黑社会性质组织“保护伞”司法认定样态与规则重述  

The Pattern of Judicial Determination and the Restatement of Rules of the“Protective Umbrella”of Organized Crime Groups

作　　者：汪聪懿 王崇润 程子翔 杨蕴莹 Wang Congyi;Wang Chongrun;Cheng Zixiang;Yang Yunying(School of Law,Guangxi University,Nanning 530000)

机构地区：[1]广西大学法学院,南宁530000

出　　处：《西部学刊》2024年第21期77-81,共5页Journal of Western

基　　金：2023年广西研究生教育创新计划项目“科学认定黑社会性质组织助力平安广西研究”(编号:YCSW2023096)的有关成果。

摘　　要：“扫黑”关键在“打伞破网”,考察黑社会性质组织“保护伞”司法认定样态、完善“保护伞”认定规则尤为重要。以405份组织、领导、参加黑社会性质组织罪判决书为样本,经实证分析发现,黑社会性质组织“保护伞”的司法认定主要存在以下问题:“保护伞”的认定呈现附属化、模糊化的不良倾向,“保护伞”身份的概念含糊,对“保护”行为的实质把握不清。对此,应对认定规则作以下完善:使“保护伞”回归黑社会性质组织的必备要素,将政治影响力身份纳入“保护伞”的主体身份范畴,将“保护”行为从逃避司法处罚扩及提供任何形式的一定便利。The key to cracking down on organized crime groups lies in taking down the“protective umbrellas”and smashing the“networks”behind them.It is particularly important to investigate the pattern of judicial determination of the“protective umbrella”of organized crime groups and improve the identification rules of the“protective umbrella”.Taking 405 criminal judgments on the crime of organizing,leading and participating organized crime groups as samples,through empirical analysis,it is found that the judicial determination of the“protective umbrella”of organized crime groups mainly has the following problems:the determination of the“protective umbrella”shows a negative tendency of subordination and fuzziness,the concept of the“protective umbrella”identity is ambiguous,and the essence of the“protection”behavior is not clearly grasped.In this regard,the determination rules should be improved as follows:return the“protective umbrella”to the essential elements of organized crime groups,include the political influence identity into the subject identity category of the“protective umbrella”,and expand the“protection”behavior from evading judicial punishment to providing certain convenience in any form.

关 键 词：黑社会性质组织 “保护伞” 司法认定 规则重述 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]