基于EtherCAT总线数控系统的螺纹加工控制方法  

Thread Machining Control Method Based on EtherCAT Bus of CNC

作　　者：周永洪 郭灿彬[2] Zhou Yonghong;Guo Canbin(Zhongshan MLTOR CNC Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhongshan,Guangdong 528436,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Guangdong Mechanical&Electrical Polytechnic,Guangzhou 510550,China)

机构地区：[1]中山迈雷特数控技术有限公司,广东中山528436 [2]广东机电职业技术学院电气技术学院,广州510550

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第10期274-277,共4页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：中山市引进创新创业科研团队项目(CXTD2020001)。

摘　　要：螺纹切削切入点的正确性对螺纹高精度加工尤为重要。提出基于EtherCAT工业现场总线数控系统的螺纹加工软件同步控制方法。利用EtherCAT总线从站IO单元测量主轴编码器角位移,采集相对于编码器零点信号,编码器当前所处角度位置的零点偏差脉冲数。在螺纹加工加速阶段根据编码器零点偏差脉冲数,补偿Z轴进给的滞后距离,实现螺纹加工起点精确同步控制,确保螺纹多次重复切削和切削多头螺纹时,切入点的准确性和可重复性。在螺纹插补控制流程中,需要在螺纹加工之前对主轴转速进行稳定检测;提出螺纹加工匀速目标速度计算方法与限制条件;针对单头、多头螺纹、连续螺纹的分度,建立螺纹切削切入点偏移角度计算方法。利用所提方法,在数控车床上多批次加工单头和多头螺纹,并检验工件精度,验证了该方法的准确性、可靠性。The accuracy of thread cutting point is particularly important for high precision thread machining.A synchronous control method of thread machining software based on EtherCAT industrial fieldbus CNC is proposed.Using EtherCAT bus to measure the spindle encoder angle displacement from the station IO unit,the number of zero deviation pulses relative to the encoder zero signal at the current angle position is collected.In the acceleration stage of thread processing,the lag distance of Z axis feed is compensated according to the number of encoder zero deviation pulse,and the accurate synchronous control of thread processing starting point is realized to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the thread cutting point when the thread is repeatedly cut and the multi-thread is cut.In the thread interpolation control process,it is necessary to check the spindle speed stability before thread machining.The calculation method and limit condition of target speed of uniform thread machining are presented.The calculation method of offset angle of thread cutting point is established for the index of single head,multi-head thread and continuous thread.The method is used to process single and multiple threads in batches on a CNC lathe,and the accuracy of the workpiece is checked.The accuracy and reliability of the method are verified.

关 键 词：EtherCAT总线 软件同步控制 螺纹插补 编码器零点偏差 

分 类 号：TG62[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]