关于我国当前中药煎煮方法若干问题的讨论  

Discussion on some problems of traditional Chinese medicine decocting methods in China

作　　者：姚梓平 傅延龄[1] YAO Ziping;FU Yanling(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;The First Affiliated Hospital ofXinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029 [2]新疆医科大学第一附属医院,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2024年第10期5572-5574,共3页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(No.2022D01C222)。

摘　　要：目的:为现代患者煎药方法提供参考意见。方法:通过对全国多个区域医疗机构发布的375份中药煎药指导文件进行整理分析,参考古代《伤寒论》中用药经验与现代研究结果,筛选全国东、西、南、北5个地区医疗机构处方,主要从煎药的加水量、煎前浸泡时间、煎煮用火方法、时间及次数这5方面的问题进行对比分析。结果:(1)加水量:以药水重量之比1∶7~8为宜;(2)煎药前宜浸泡30~60 min;(3)煎煮用火方法:可先用大火加热至沸,转以小火维持在小沸“临界水平”;(4)煎药总时长以30~60 min为宜,煎煮次数应视需要煎取的药量而定;(5)煎药前最好与医生或者专业人士沟通,才能使得患者更好把握煎药的注意事项。结论:当前我国个人煎药情况十分复杂,差异性、随意性很大,与古代经验及现代科研结果进行对照,不难看出许多操作的合理性值得讨论。Objective:To provide reference opinions for modern patient decoction methods.Method:By organizing and analyzing 375 guidance documents on traditional Chinese medicine decoction published by multiple regional medical institutions across the country,and referring to the medication experience and modern research results in the ancient Treatise on Febrile Diseases,select prescriptions from medical institutions in the eastern,western,southern,and northern regions of China,and compare and analyze five issues:the amount of water added to decoction,the soaking time before decoction,the method of boiling with fire,the time and frequency of decoction.Results:①The appropriate amount of water to be added should be a ratio of 1:78 by weight of the medicine.②Soak for 30-60 minutes before decoction.③The method of boiling with fire is to first heat the medicine with high heat until it boils,then turn to low heat to maintain it at the‘critical level’of low boiling.④The total duration of decoction should be 30-60 minutes,and the number of decoction times should depend on the amount of medicine needed.⑤It is best to communicate with a doctor or professional before decoction to help patients better grasp the precautions for decoction.Conclusion:At present,the situation of individual drug decocting in China is very complicated,with great differences and randomness.Comparing with ancient experience and modern scientific research results,it is not difficult to see that the rationality of many operations is worth discussing.

关 键 词：中药 煎煮方法 加水量 浸泡时间 煎煮时间 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]