我国铜尾矿规模化消纳的研究进展  

Research Progress of Large-scale Consumption of Copper Tailings in China

作　　者：王国彬 肖庆飞[1,2,3] 田厚源 姚子灏 周强 刘向阳[1,2,3] 金赛珍 王梦涛 WANG Guobin;XIAO Qingfei;TIAN Houyuan;YAO Zihao;ZHOU Qiang;LIU Xiangyang;JIN Saizhen;WANG Mengtao(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Province Engineering Research Center for Reutilization of Metal Tailings Resources,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093 [3]云南省金属矿尾矿资源二次利用工程研究中心,昆明650093

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2024年第9期169-183,共15页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52374269,52304290)。

摘　　要：当前,我国铜尾矿排放量超3亿t/a,加之往年累计堆存,体量巨大,安全、环保、经济、土地等压力持续攀升。为了更系统、更全面地了解我国铜尾矿规模化消纳的研究进展,首先简要介绍了我国铜尾矿资源禀赋和赋存特点,以江西德兴市、安徽铜陵市、内蒙古赤峰市和湖北大冶市等选铜区块为主要产出地,硅酸盐矿物、SiO_(2)、A1_(2)O_(3)以及Fe_(2)O_(3)、CaO、Na_(2)O和K_(2)O等为铜尾矿的主要成分;其次,着重并详细地评述了利用铜尾矿资源制造新材料和新产品、建筑材料、用于充填、合成硅肥、土壤改良和土地复垦等方面的规模化消纳研究进展,其中新材料和新产品主要包括玻璃、陶瓷和透水材料,而建筑材料方面主要论述了砖瓦、水泥、混凝土、路基、免烧墙体、陶瓷墙板和铸石等;最后,对当前研究存在的现象和未来研究规划提出了合理建议,如制作建筑材料时,要保证产品对重金属元素有一定的固化作用,防止重金属元素随水溶出外溢,污染周边环境。以期对提高铜尾矿资源综合利用,以及改善矿山生态环境起到一定的借鉴作用。At present,the mount of China′s copper tailings discharges exceeds 300 Mt/a,combined with the cumulative accumulation over the years,being a huge volume,so safety,environmental protection,economic,land and other pressures continue to rise.Therefore,in order to systematically and comprehensively understand the research progress of large-scale consumption of copper tailings in China,firstly,the resource endowment and occurrence characteristics of copper tailings were briefly introduced that copper extraction blocks in Dexing city of Jiangxi province,Tongling city of Anhui province,Chifeng city of Inner Mongolia and Daye city of Hubei province are the main production areas,and silicate minerals,SiO_(2) and A1_(2)O_(3),as well as Fe_(2)O_(3),CaO,Na_(2)O and K_(2)O are the main components of copper tailings.Secondly,the research progress of large-scale consumption of copper tailings resources in manufacturing new materials and products,building materials,filling,synthetic silicon fertilizer,soil improvement and land reclamation is reviewed in detail,and the new materials and products mainly include glass,ceramics and permeable materials.In terms of building materials,brick,cement,concrete,roadbed,non-burning wall,ceramic wall panel and cast stone are mainly discussed.Finally,some reasonable suggestions were put forward for the current research phenomenon and future research planning,such as,when making building materials,it is necessary to ensure that the product has a certain solidification effect on heavy metal elements to prevent heavy metal elements from leaking out with water and polluting the surrounding environment.This paper can play a certain role in improving the comprehensive utilization of copper tailings resources and improving the ecological environment of mines.

关 键 词：铜尾矿 资源 规模化消纳 非金属元素矿物 回收 综合利用 

分 类 号：TD982[矿业工程—选矿]