亚弯柄灵芝的生物学特性及其驯化栽培  

Biological characteristics and cultivation of Ganoderma subflexipes

作　　者：田润 陈丽芳 赵润祥 曾念开[1,2] TIAN Run;CHEN Lifang;ZHAO Runxiang;ZENG Niankai(School of Pharmacy,Hainan Medical University,Haikou 571199,Hainan,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Islands Ecology,Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province,College of Life Sciences,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院药学院,海南海口571199 [2]海南师范大学生命科学学院热带岛屿生态学教育部重点实验室、海南省热带动植物生态学重点实验室,海南海口571158

出　　处：《菌物学报》2024年第10期45-62,共18页Mycosystema

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2019114);海南省研究生创新科研课题(Qhys2022-302)。

摘　　要：亚弯柄灵芝野生子实体在海南民间广泛用于治疗各类亚健康疾病,近年来由于过度的商业采摘,该灵芝的野生种群逐年减少。为了更好地对其进行保护、利用和开发,本研究对亚弯柄灵芝进行野外考察、标本采集和菌种分离;同时对分离的菌株进行生物学特性研究,并在此基础上开展驯化栽培。结果表明:亚弯柄灵芝菌丝适宜的生长温度为30–32℃,黑暗条件生长最佳,适宜的pH为5–8,最佳光质为绿光,适宜的碳源为蔗糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖、可溶性淀粉,适宜的氮源为麦芽浸粉、酵母浸粉、牛肉蛋白胨,适宜的无机盐为硫酸钙、硫酸二氢钾、硫酸氢二钾,适宜的生长因子为VB_(12)、烟酰胺和L-谷氨酸。亚弯柄灵芝驯化栽培过程中,发菌温度32℃、黑暗条件下,菌丝约30 d满袋;室温下,原基形成约20 d,出原基后约15 d成熟。The wild fruit-body of Ganoderma subflexipes is widely used to treat various sub-health diseases in Hainan,China.In recent years,the wild population of G.subflexipes has decreased year by year owing to excessive commercial harvesting.To enhance the conservation efforts and sustainable utilization of G.subflexipes,field investigations,specimen collections,and strain isolations were undertaken.The biological characteristics of isolated strains were studied,and domestication culture was also carried out.The mycelial growth were optimal at temperature of 30–32℃,and pH 5–8 under dark condition or green light treatment.Sucrose,maltose,glucose and soluble starch are optimum carbon source,and malt extract powder,yeast extract powder and beef peptone are optimum nitrogen source.CaSO_(4),K_(2)HPO_(4) and KH_(2)PO_(4) are the best inorganic salt,and vitamin B_(12),nicotinamide,and L-glutamate are the best growth factor.Domestication cultivation shows that the mycelium bagful time is about 30 d at 32℃under dark condition;the primordium formed within about 20 d at room temperature,and afterwards fruit bodies matured in about 15 d.

关 键 词：药用真菌 培养特性 单因素 正交试验 人工栽培 

分 类 号：S567.31[农业科学—中草药栽培]