梵净山同域分布黔金丝猴和藏酋猴肠道寄生虫比较研究  

The Comparative Study on Intestinal Parasites of Rhinopithecus brelichi and Macaca thibetana in Fanjingshan

作　　者：黄小龙 李海波 张旭 程绍传 晏玉莹 杨伟 蒙秉顺 王丞 杨杰 冉景丞 HUANG Xiaolong;LI Haibo;ZHANG Xu;CHENG Shaochuan;YAN Yuying;YANG Wei;MENG Bingshun;WANG Cheng;YANG Jie;RAN Jingcheng(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang,550005,China;Guizhou Fanjingshan Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Jiangkou,554400,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China,Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang,550005,China;Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve Administration,Jiangkou,554400,China;Hunan Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve Affairs Center,Zhangjiajie,427400,China;School of Life Sciences Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵阳550005 [2]梵净山森林生态系统国家级定位观测研究站,江口554400 [3]贵州省林业科学研究院西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,贵阳550005 [4]梵净山国家级自然保护区管理局,江口554400 [5]湖南张家界大鲵国家级自然保护区事务中心,张家界427400 [6]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2024年第4期744-756,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：贵州省林业科研项目(黔林科合J字〔2022〕10号,黔林科合J字〔2022〕13号,黔林科合〔2024〕14号);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2023〕一般188,黔科合支撑〔2024〕一般129,黔科合服企〔2023〕009)。

摘　　要：肠道寄生虫可作为反映宿主生存状态的指标,为了解梵净山同域分布黔金丝猴(Rhinopithecus brelichi)和藏酋猴(Macaca thibetana)的肠道寄生虫组成,基于18S rRNA高通量测序技术对采集的42份冬季粪便样本进行鉴定。结果表明:共获得44个属于寄生虫类群的ASVs,归属于10门26属;二者的肠道寄生虫主要由线虫动物门(Nematoda)组成,其中,鞭虫属(Trichuris)线虫为黔金丝猴的主要寄生类群,鞭虫属和宫脂线虫属(Hysterothylacium)线虫为藏酋猴的主要寄生类群;藏酋猴肠道寄生虫α多样性(Shannon、Simpson和Richness指数)均高于黔金丝猴,但未达到显著水平,β多样性分析发现二者肠道寄生虫组成差异显著(R=0.406,P<0.05);PICRUSt功能预测分析表明二者肠道寄生虫功能基因在Level 1水平上主要与生物合成、前体代谢物和能量的产生有关,且二者差异显著(P<0.05),在Level 2水平上与28类代谢通路相关,其中6类具有显著性差异;代谢通路物种组成差异分析表明,在属级分层上有14属与28类Level 2代谢通路相关联,每条代谢通路可由多种物种共同协作完成,并发挥不同程度的作用。本研究初步了解了梵净山同域分布黔金丝猴和藏酋猴的肠道寄生虫组成和功能,可为后续研究肠道寄生虫对宿主的影响及野生和圈养非人灵长类动物的保护提供思路。Intestinal parasites could be used as the indicators of the host survival status.In order to understand the compo⁃sition of intestinal parasites in Rhinopithecus brelichi and Macaca thibetana in Fanjingshan,China,forty-two winter feces samples were identified based on 18S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that a total of 44 ASVs belongings to parasite groups,including 26 genera,10 phyla.The intestinal parasites of Rhinopithecus brelichi and Macaca thibetana were mainly composed of Nematoda,in which Trichuris nematode was the main parasitic group of Rhino⁃pithecus brelichi,and Trichuris and Hysterothylacium nematode were the main parasitic group of Macaca thibetana.The al⁃pha diversity indexes(Shannon,Simpson and Richness)of intestinal parasites in M.thibetana were higher than those in Rhinopithecus brelichi.Theβ-diversity analysis showed significant difference in intestinal parasite composition between the two groups(R=0.406,P<0.05).Functional prediction analysis of PICRUSt showed that the functional genes of the two group intestinal parasites were mainly related to biosynthesis,generation of precursor metabolite and energy at the level 1,and there was a significant difference between Rhinopithecus brelichi and Macaca thibetana(P<0.05).At the level 2,it was associated with 28 metabolic pathways,there were six types of metabolic pathways with significant differences.The analysis of species composition differences of metabolic pathways showed that 14 genera were associated with 28 types of level 2 metabolic pathways at the generic level,and each metabolic pathway could be completed jointly by multiple species and play different roles.Through the study,the intestinal parasite composition and function of Rhinopithecus brelichi and Macaca thibetana distributing in the same domain in Fanjingshan could be preliminary understood,which provided ideas for the subsequent study of the effects of intestinal parasites on the host and the protection of wild and captive non-human pri⁃mates.

关 键 词：黔金丝猴 藏酋猴 肠道寄生虫 高通量测序 功能预测 

分 类 号：Q958.9[生物学—动物学]