达乌尔黄鼠季节性肥胖与胰腺功能稳态  

Seasonal Obesity and Pancreatic Function Homeostasis in Daurian Ground Squirrel

作　　者：刘继鸿 刘新宇 侯婷婷[2] 杨明 邢昕 LIU Jihong;LIU Xinyu;HOU Tingting;YANG Ming;XING Xin(Collage of Life Science,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang,110034,China;State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology,Peking University,Beijing,100091,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,沈阳110034 [2]膜生物学国家重点实验室(北京大学),北京100091

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2024年第4期757-766,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071518);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32301306,32200930)。

摘　　要：储脂类冬眠动物在入眠前的育肥阶段大量积累体脂作为越冬的重要能源物质。达乌尔黄鼠(Spermophilus dauricus)在短短2~3个月的育肥期间体质量增加近1倍,然而该物种快速育肥过程是否引起糖脂代谢的紊乱以及类似于人类肥胖相关的代谢异常尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们检测了育肥不同阶段黄鼠血糖含量、糖耐受情况、血清和非脂肪类器官中甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸含量以及血清中胰岛素和胰高血糖素含量。结果显示,达乌尔黄鼠在育肥期间血糖保持稳定,心脏、肝脏及肾脏等非脂肪类器官中甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸含量无显著性变化。血清中甘油三酯及胰岛素含量无显著性差异,但游离脂肪酸含量显著升高,胰高血糖素含量显著下降。这些结果说明,达乌尔黄鼠在育肥期间并没有产生高血糖、高血脂、脂质异位堆积和胰岛素抵抗等症状。育肥期间胰高血糖素的降低或许是维持其血糖稳定的机制之一。此外,在冬眠之前,黄鼠胰岛面积以及胰岛细胞数目呈现增加趋势,提示育肥期间可能存在胰岛细胞新生,这可能与育肥期间胰岛功能维持有关。达乌尔黄鼠作为储脂类的冬眠动物,具有独特的体脂积累机制,或将为肥胖引起的代谢综合征的治疗提供借鉴。Fat-storing hibernators accumulate a large amount of body fat as fuel for hibernation.The Daurian ground squir⁃rel(Spermophilus dauricus),a typical fat-storing hibernator in China,nearly doubles its body mass during a 2-3 month fat⁃tening period before hibernation.However,it remains unclear whether this rapid fattening leads to disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism,resembling metabolic abnormalities seen in human obesity.In this study,we measured serum glu⁃cose levels,glucose tolerance,triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid levels in serum and non-adipose organs,as well as serum insulin and glucagon levels at different stages of fattening period in Daurian ground squirrels.The results showed that blood glucose remained stable during fattening,with no significant changes in triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid content in non-fat organs such as heart,liver and kidney.While there was no significant difference in serum triglyceride and insulin levels,non-esterified fatty acids were significantly increased,and glucagon levels significantly decreased.These re⁃sults indicate that Daurian ground squirrels did not exhibit symptoms such as hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia,ectopic lipid accumulation or insulin resistance during fattening.The decrease in glucagon during fattening may be a mechanism for maintaining stable serum glucose levels.Before hibernation,an increase in pancreatic islet area and cell numbers was ob⁃served,suggesting potential regeneration of pancreatic islet cells during the fattening phase,which may be closely related to the maintenance of pancreatic islet function.As a fat-storing hibernator,the Daurian ground squirrel demonstrates unique mechanisms for accumulating body fat,which could provide insights into the treatments of metabolic syndrome asso⁃ciated with obesity.

关 键 词：达乌尔黄鼠 储脂类冬眠动物 肥胖 胰腺 胰岛素抵抗 

分 类 号：Q955[生物学—动物学]