增加蛋白质摄入量可以改善亚成年太平洋海象贫血  

Increasing Protein Intake Could Improve Anemia of Subadult Pacific Walrus

作　　者：黄泽林 张德录 张孝敏 季勇 刘英林 张杰琼 张鹏 董贵信 HUANG Zelin;ZHANG Delu;ZHANG Xiaomin;JI YongLIU Yinglin;ZHANG Jieqiong;ZHANG Peng;DONG Guixin(Chimelong Ocean Kingdom of Zhuhai,Zhuhai,519031,China;Guangdong South China Rare Wild Animal Species Conservation Center,Zhuhai,519031,China;Guangdong Chimelong Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,511430,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海长隆投资发展有限公司,珠海519031 [2]广东华南珍稀野生动物物种保护中心,珠海519031 [3]广东长隆集团有限公司,广州511430

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2024年第4期767-773,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：广州市科技计划重点研发项目(2024B03J1375);广东省海洋经济发展专项(GDNRC〔2022〕40)。

摘　　要：动物营养性贫血是一种常见的营养代谢病。通过对16只亚成年太平洋海象(Odobenus rosmarus divergens)4年来的血红蛋白检测和饲料营养分析对比发现:当亚成年太平洋海象蛋白质长期摄入不足时,容易患贫血症;不改善饲料结构,患贫血症的动物比例居高不下;通过增加食物中高蛋白质饵料鱼的比例,一年后患贫血症的比例由原来的68.75%降低到12.50%。调整饲料配比明显改善了亚成年太平洋海象的贫血状况,由此提示蛋白质长期摄入不足可能是造成亚成年太平洋海象患贫血症的主要原因。保证亚成年太平洋海象每天每公斤体质量摄入的蛋白质在4.71 g及以上时,有助于改善贫血状况,并有望使其血红蛋白恢复到正常范围。研究结果可为亚成年太平洋海象的营养需求提供理论支持,也为海洋濒危物种的保育提供有价值的参考。Animal nutritional anemia is a common nutritional metabolic disease.In this paper,a four-year comparative analysis of hemoglobin and feed nutrition of 16 subadult Pacific walruses(Odobenus rosmarus divergens)showed that:when the subadult Pacific walrus taking in insufficient protein for a long time were susceptible to anemia;If the feed struc⁃ture was not improved,the proportion of animals suffering from anemia remained high.By increasing the proportion of highprotein bait fish in the diet,the anemia rate of subadult Pacific walrus decreased from 68.75%to 12.50%after one year.The results showed that adjusting the feed ratio significantly improved the anemia status of subadult Pacific walrus.These results suggested that the long-term insufficient protein intake might be the main cause of anemia in subadult Pacific walrus.Ensuring a protein intake of 4.71 g or more per kilogram of body mass per day in a subadult Pacific walrus could help im⁃prove anemia and hopefully help its hemoglobin restore to the normal range.The study could provide theoretical support for the nutritional requirements of subadult Pacific walruses and the valuable reference for the conservation of marine endan⁃gered species.

关 键 词：贫血 蛋白质 太平洋海象 亚成年 

分 类 号：S864.5[农业科学—野生动物驯养]