1990至2019年中国噪声所致听力损失的疾病负担分析和趋势研究  

Analysis of disease burden and trends of noise-induced hearing loss in China from 1990 to 2019

作　　者：陈琳[1] 廖阳[1] 岑子博[1] 张晋蔚[1] 肖明慧[2] 王致[1] Chen Lin;Liao yang;Cen Zibo;Zhang Jinwei;Xiao Minghui;Wang Zhi(Occupational Health Evaluation and Testing Center,Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital,Guangzhou 510620,China;Occupational Health Monitoring Institude,Guangdong Occupational Disease Prevention Hospital Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市职业病防治院职业卫生评价检测中心,广州510620 [2]广东省职业病防治院职业健康监护所,广州510000

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2024年第10期730-734,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：广州市医学重点学科建设项目(2021-2023);广州市科学技术局重点研发计划项目(202206010061);市校(院)企联合资助专题(2023A03J0497,2024A03J0503);广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2024233,B2023347)。

摘　　要：目的对中国1990至2019年噪声所致听力损失(NIHL)的疾病负担进行分析,对2020至2030年NIHL的疾病负担情况进行预测,为NIHL的防控提供数据支持。方法于2022年7月,通过全球健康数据交换(GHDx)中关于全球疾病负担(GBD)数据库收集1990至2019年中国不同年龄组别、不同性别人群的NIHL的疾病负担数据,建立Jointpoint回归模型对中国NIHL的疾病负担进行趋势分析,建立年龄-时期-队列模型分析NIHL年龄、时期和队列的变化趋势,建立贝叶斯年龄-时期-队列模型对中国2020至2030年NIHL的疾病负担情况进行预测。结果1990至2019年,中国NIHL的伤残寿命调整年(DALY)由136.16万人年升至232.77万人年,DALY粗率由115.03/10万升至163.65/10万(AAPC=1.23,P<0.001),DALY标化率由127.67/10万降至119.83/10万(AAPC=-0.21,P<0.001)。预测2020至2030年中国NIHL的DALYs由241.29万人年升至265.50万人年,DALY标化率241.29/10万降至125.71/10万。结论中国NIHL的疾病负担较重,NIHL危害不容忽视,需加强源头治理,通过多手段综合防治,逐步降低NIHL的疾病负担。ObjectiveTo analyze the disease burden of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss(NIHL)in China from 1990 to 2019,forecast the disease burden of NIHL from 2020 to 2030,and provide data support for the prevention and control of NIHL.MethodsIn July 2022,the disease burden data of NIHL in different age groups and genders in China during 1990-2019 were selected from the GBD database.The Jointpoint regression model was established to analyze the trend of the disease burden of NIHL in China.An age-period-cohort model was constructed to analyze the changing trend of NIHL in terms of age,period,and cohort,and a Bayesian age-period-cohort model was developed to predict the disease burden of NIHL in China from 2020 to 2030.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019,the disability adjusted life year(DALY)of China's NIHL increased from 1361600 to 2327700 years.The coarse rate of DALY increased from 115.03/100000 to 163.65/100000(AAPC=1.23,P<0.001),and the normalization rate of DALY decreased from 127.67/100000 to 119.83/100000(AAPC=-0.21,P<0.001).It is predicted that from 2020 to 2030,the DALYs of China's NIHL will increase from 2412900 in 2020 to 2655000 in 2030,and the DALY normalization rate will decrease from 241.29/100000 in 2020 to 125.71/100000 in 2030.ConclusionThe burden of noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)in China is significant and should not be overlooked.To reduce this burden,we need to focus on strengthening source management,process control,personal protection,and comprehensive prevention and treatment through various methods.

关 键 词：噪声 职业性 听力损失 疾病负担 噪声所致听力损失(NIHL) 伤残寿命调整年 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]