AquaCrop模型对不同灌溉定额下盐碱地青贮玉米生长模拟及适用性评价  

Effects of Different Irrigation Quotas on the Growth of Silage Maize in Saline-alkali Land and Evaluation of the Applicability of AquaCrop Model

作　　者：张萌 田军仓[1,2,3] ZHANG Meng;TIAN Jun-cang(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Ministry of Eduction,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,银川750021 [3]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第11期10-17,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题五专题四(2021YFD1900605-04);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。

摘　　要：为探明宁夏引黄灌区盐碱地青贮玉米生长适宜的灌水量及AquaCrop模型在引黄灌区的适应性。以当地农业公司灌溉定额的95%为高水平,设置3个不同处理:低水平280.5 mm(W1)、中水平382.5 mm(W2)、高水平484.5 mm(W3),研究不同灌溉定额对青贮玉米的效应,并基于2 a的试验数据对AquaCrop模型进行率定、验证,以水分利用效率最大为目标确定出较优的灌溉方案。2023年W3处理下的0~40 cm土层土壤含水率(SWC)均高于W1处理和W2处理;各处理在生物量平均值和产量表现为W3处理>W2处理>W1处理。各处理SWC模拟值与实测值的R^(2)、EF和RMSE分别为0.73~0.79、0.67~0.75、0.35%~2.40%;冠层覆盖度模拟值和实测值的R^(2)、EF和RMSE分别为0.90~0.96、0.98~0.99、2.38%~8.00%;生物量模拟值和实测值的R^(2)、EF分别为0.91~0.95、0.97~0.99,RMSE为2.03~2.05 t/hm^(2);产量模拟值和实测值的RE为1.40%~2.46%,R^(2)为0.98,水分利用效率模拟值和实测值的RE为0.73%~3.94%,R^(2)为0.97。说明AquaCrop模型能较好地模拟宁夏引黄灌区青贮玉米的生长过程;以节水增产为目标,灌溉定额为382.5 mm时,青贮玉米水分利用效率较优。To determine the suitable irrigation amount for silage maize growth in saline-alkali land in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia and to assess the adaptability of the AquaCrop model in the Yellow River irrigation area,three treatments were established based on 95%of the local agricultural company’s irrigation quota:low level(280.5 mm,W1),medium level(382.5 mm,W2),and high level(484.5 mm,W3).The effects of different irrigation quotas on silage corn were studied,and the AquaCrop model was calibrated and validated using two years of experimental data to identify an optimal irrigation scheme aimed at maximizing water use efficiency.In 2023,the soil moisture content(SWC)of 0~40 cm soil layer under W3 treatment was higher than that of W1 treatment and W2 treatment.The average biomass and yield of each treatment were as follows:W3 treatment>W2 treatment>W1 treatment.In 2023,the R^(2),EF and RMSE of the simulated and measured SWC values of each treatment were 0.73~0.79,0.67~0.75 and 0.35%~2.4%,respectively.The R^(2),EF and RMSE of the simulated and measured values of canopy coverage were 0.90~0.96,0.98~0.99 and 2.38%~8.00%,respectively.The R^(2) and EF of the simulated and measured biomass values were 0.91~0.95 and 0.97~0.99,respectively,and the RMSE was 2.03~2.05 t/hm^(2).The RE of the simulated and measured yield values was between 1.4%~2.46%,the R^(2) was 0.98,the RE of the simulated and measured water use efficiency values was between 0.73%~3.94%,and the R^(2) was 0.97.The results showed that the AquaCrop model could effectively simulate the growth process of silage maize in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia.With the goal of saving water and increasing yield,the water use efficiency of silage corn was better when the irrigation amount was 382.5 mm.

关 键 词：AquaCrop模型 青贮玉米 冠层覆盖度 生物量和产量 WUE 灌溉定额 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]