碳中和背景下光伏阵列对沙漠地区微气候的影响  

Impact of photovoltaic arrays on microclimate in desert areas under the background of carbon neutral

作　　者：张呈春 张维福 董智今 展秀丽 ZHANG Chengchun;ZHANG Weifu;DONG Zhijin;ZHAN Xiuli(College of Geography and Planning,Ningxia University,China–Arab Joint International Research Laboratory for Featured Resources and Environmental Governance in Arid Regions,Key Laboratory of Resource Evaluation and Environmental Regulation in Arid Region of Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院,中阿旱区特色资源与环境治理国际合作联合实验室,宁夏旱区资源评价与环境调控重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第5期228-236,245,共10页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2021AAC03048);宁夏大学研究生创新项目“宁夏荒漠地区光伏阵列对风沙流结构与风场特征的影响”(CXXM202332)。

摘　　要：【目的】为更好地掌握沙漠地区光伏阵列对局地微气候的影响。【方法】选取宁夏中卫沙漠光伏产业园作为研究区域,采用自动气象站实地观测,对比分析光伏电站内与流动沙丘(对照点)气象要素和土壤温湿度的变化特征及差异。【结果】与流动沙丘(对照点)相比,光伏电站内2 m高度空气温度增加了0.13℃,空气湿度提高了0.85%,太阳辐射量降低了11.87 W/m^(2),平均风速减少了1.35 m/s;站内偏南北方向的风明显减少,主风向由原来的东北风转变为东风,风向更加单一;光伏电站内空气温度日较差显著高于站外,空气湿度日较差大于站外,夜间差异明显。电站内土壤温度分别为22.76℃(10 cm)、23.13℃(20 cm)、22.94℃(30 cm),较流动沙丘(对照点)分别降低1.5℃、1.11℃、0.74℃;电站内土壤含水量分别为7.35%(20 cm)、8.58%(30 cm),较流动沙丘(对照点)分别增加了1.2%、0.73%;与流动沙丘(对照点)相比,夜间(8时前和21时后)光伏电站内土壤温度(10 cm)上升,4时至9时光伏电站内土壤温度(20 cm)上升;不同时刻光伏电站内不同深度土壤含水量均高于流动沙丘(对照点)。【结论】光伏阵列对近地表气象要素和土壤温湿度影响明显,站内空气温湿度具有复杂的昼夜变化特征;光伏阵列的布设可改善沙漠地区的环境因子,增加空气湿度、土壤含水量,降低太阳辐射和风速,发挥着防风固沙的作用。本研究结果可为沙漠地带未来光伏电站的可持续发展提供理论支撑,对荒漠区风光电建设的生态保护与修复具有重要的指导意义。【Objective】The study was conducted to clarify the impact of PV arrays on local microclimate in desert areas.【Method】We selected Photovoltaic Industrial Park in Zhongwei of Ningxia as the study area,and analyzed the characteristics of meteorological elements,soil temperature and humidity and their differences between inside the PV power plant and in the mobile sand dune(control site)through automatic weather observations.【Result】Compared with the mobile sand dune,the air temperature at 2 m height in the PV plant increased by 0.13℃,air humidity increased by 0.85%,solar radiation decreased by 11.87 W/m^(2),and the average wind speed decreased by 1.35 m/s.The wind in the north-south direction in the station was significantly reduced,and the main wind direction changed from the original northeast wind to the east wind,and the wind direction had become more uniform.The daily difference of the air temperature in the PV plant was significantly higher than that outside the station,and the daily difference of air humidity was greater than that outside the station,and the difference is obvious at night.The soil temperature in the power station was 22.76℃(10 cm),23.13℃(20 cm),and 22.94℃(30 cm),which were 1.5℃,1.11℃,and 0.74℃lower than those in the mobile sand dune(control site),respectively.The soil moisture content in the power station was 7.35%(20 cm)and 8.58%(30 cm),which were 1.2%and 0.2%higher than those in the mobile sand dune(control site),respectively.Compared with the mobile sand dune(control point),the soil temperature(10 cm)in the PV plant increased at night from 2100 to 0800,and the soil temperature(20 cm)in the PV plant increased from 0400 to 0900.The soil water contents at different depths in the PV plant was higher than that in the mobile sand dune(control point)at different times.【Conclusion】PV arrays exerted obvious effects on the near-surface meteorological elements and soil temperature and humidity,and the station air temperature and humidity showed complex characteristics of

关 键 词：微气候 土壤温湿度 光伏阵列 腾格里沙漠 

分 类 号：S161.1[农业科学—农业气象学]