废菌棒生物炭对红壤有机碳组分及微生物群落的影响  

Effects of biochar derived from spent mushroom substrate on organic carbon content and microbial community in red soil

作　　者：郭宇轩 贾广昊 杨曦 支叶彤 魏圆慧 毛艳玲[1,2,3] GUO Yuxuan;JIA Guanghao;YANG Xi;ZHI Yetong;WEI Yuanhui;MAO Yanling(College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem,Health,and Regulation of Fujian,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Univer-sity,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Colleges and University Engineering Research Institute of Conservation&Utilization of Natural Bioresources,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福建福州350002 [2]土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室,福建福州350002 [3]自然生物资源保育利用福建省高校工程研究中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第5期286-293,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(闽[2023]TG25号);福建省财政厅项目(KKY22005XA);校科技创新专项基金项目(KFB23119A)。

摘　　要：【目的】以废菌棒为原料热解制备生物炭,研究其对红壤中有机碳组分及微生物群落结构丰度的影响,为废菌棒的资源化利用与合理施用,以及红壤固碳改良提供理论依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验,以红壤为研究对象,设置6个不同处理:对照(CK)、化肥(F)、低量生物炭(LB)、高量生物炭(HB)、低量生物炭配施化肥(LBF)、高量生物炭配施化肥(HBF)。【结果】施用废菌棒生物炭后土壤有机碳、可溶性有机碳、易氧化有机碳、颗粒有机碳以及微生物量碳含量相较于CK分别提高93.29%、70.06%、136.87%、30.59%和60.76%,而高量生物炭对土壤有机碳提升更为显著。废菌棒生物炭能够有效提高红壤中蛋白酶、谷氨酰胺酶以及脲酶活性,并在HBF处理下达到最高值,对土壤细菌群落影响显著。【结论】废菌棒生物炭能够显著增加土壤有机碳含量、土壤酶活性以及细菌群落丰度。研究结果为废菌棒资源化利用以及其对红壤改良策略提供理论支撑。【Objective】To peoduce biochar by pyrolysis of waste mushroom stalks as raw material,and to study its effect on the organic carbon fraction and microbial community structure abundance in red soil,so as to provide theoretical basis for resource utilization and rational application of waste mushroom stalks,as well as the improvement of red soil.【Method】The study was conducted in a pot experiment with red soil as the research object,and six different treatments were set up:control(CK),chemical fertilizer(F),low amount of biochar(LB),high amount of biochar(HB),low amount of biochar with chemical fertilizer(LBF);and high amount of biochar with chemical fertilizer(HBF).【Result】Soil organic carbon,soluble organic carbon,easily oxidized organic carbon,particulate organic carbon,and microbial carbon content of red soil were significantly increased by the application of mycorrhizal waste biochar.Compared to CK,the average increases were 93.29%,70.06%,136.87%,30.59%and 60.76%,respectively.Compared to the low amount of biochar treatment,the high amount of biochar increased soil organic carbon more significantly.The biochar from spent mycorrhizal sticks could effectively increase the activities of protease,glutaminase and urease in red soil,and the highest values were found in HBF treatment,which increased by 294.76%,80.50%and 96.34%,respectively,compared to CK treatment.The application of waste mycorrhizal biochar increased the abundance of red soil bacteria,and the abundance of Ascomycetes,Bacillariophyta,Acti-nobacteria,and other bacterial phyla with relative abundance less than 1%were significantly increased,while the abundance of Acidobacteria,Chlorobacterium,Thick-walled Bacteria,and Fusobacteria were decreased.【Conclusion】Biochar from mycorrhizal waste sticks can effectively improve the quality of red soil,significantly increase soil organic carbon content,soil enzyme activity and bacterial community abundance,and outperform biochar alone and chemical fertilizer alone under fertilizer treatment.The resul

关 键 词：生物炭 废菌棒 土壤有机碳 土壤酶活性 土壤微生物群落 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]