定向热辐射研究进展  

Progress in the research of directed thermal radiation

作　　者：陈志营 刘皓佗 吴小虎 张凯华 Chen Zhiying;Liu Haotuo;Wu Xiaohu;Zhang Kaihua(Henan Normal University,Xinxiang,Henan 453007,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Spectrum Measures and Applications,Xinxiang,Henan 453007,China;Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150080,China;Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学物理学院,河南新乡453007 [2]河南省红外光谱测量与应用重点实验室,河南新乡453007 [3]哈尔滨理工大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [4]山东高等技术研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《光电工程》2024年第9期1-13,共13页Opto-Electronic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52106099);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022YQ57);泰山学者计划。

摘　　要：热辐射是一种基本的物理过程,指温度高于绝对零度的物体由于粒子的热运动自发地发射电磁能量。大多数热辐射体缺乏方向性,导致能量在不必要的方向上损失,从而降低热器件和应用的效率。在实际应用中,通常需要热辐射器在不同方向上表现出不同的热辐射能力,因此,在高效热传输中,控制热发射的方向性至关重要。定向热辐射的研究对于热成像和传感、辐射冷却、红外加密和能源利用等领域具有重要意义。本文首先阐述了传统热辐射与定向热辐射的区别,以及后者在科学前沿的潜在价值。随后,基于热辐射的特性,从窄带定向热辐射和宽带定向热辐射两个方面系统整理了国内外学者在定向热辐射方面的研究进展。最后,展望了该领域未来的研究趋势,剖析了其面临的重大挑战,旨在为定向热辐射技术的进一步发展提供理论指导与实践启示。Thermal radiation is a fundamental physical process that refers to the spontaneous emission of electromagnetic energy from objects with temperatures above absolute zero due to the thermal motion of particles.Most thermal radiators lack directionality,resulting in energy loss in unnecessary directions,which reduces the efficiency of many thermal devices and applications.In practical applications,thermal radiators are usually required to exhibit different thermal radiation capabilities in different directions,therefore,controlling the directionality of the thermal emission is crucial in efficient heat transfer.The study of directional thermal radiation is of great significance in thermal imaging and sensing,radiative cooling,infrared encryption,and energy utilization.The review first describes the difference between traditional and directional thermal radiation,as well as the potential value of the latter at the frontiers of science.Subsequently,based on the characteristics of thermal radiation,it systematically organizes the research progress of domestic and foreign scholars in directional thermal radiation in terms of both narrowband directional thermal radiation and broadband directional thermal radiation.Finally,future research trends in this field are envisioned,and major challenges are analyzed,aiming to provide theoretical guidance and practical insights for the further development of directional thermal radiation technology.

关 键 词：定向热辐射 光热转换 热辐射调控 热辐射器 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]